{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T22:30:41Z","timestamp":1784154641146,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]],"date-time":"2022-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659312000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]],"date-time":"2022-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659312000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]],"date-time":"2022-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659312000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["2019YFB2204303"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019YFB2204303"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U20A20205"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U20A20205"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Key Project of Chongqing Science and Technology Foundation","award":["cstc2019jcyj-zdxmX0017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["cstc2019jcyj-zdxmX0017"]}]},{"name":"Key Project of Chongqing Science and Technology Foundation","award":["cstc2021ycjh-bgzxm0031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["cstc2021ycjh-bgzxm0031"]}]},{"name":"Chongqing Xianfeng Electronic Institute Co., Ltd","award":["H20201100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H20201100"]}]},{"name":"Open Research Funding from the State Key Laboratory of Computer Architecture, ICT, CAS","award":["CARCH201908"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CARCH201908"]}]},{"name":"Chongqing Social Security Bureau and Human Resources Dept.","award":["cx2020018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["cx2020018"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Biomed. Circuits Syst."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tbcas.2022.3189240","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,8]],"date-time":"2022-07-08T19:24:48Z","timestamp":1657308288000},"page":"636-650","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["TripleBrain: A Compact Neuromorphic Hardware Core With Fast On-Chip Self-Organizing and Reinforcement Spike-Timing Dependent Plasticity"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Haibing","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6662-2337","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhen","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Integrated Circuits, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tengxiao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junxian","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3304-3045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xichuan","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5172-4736","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ying","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Computer Architecture, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2585-323X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liyuan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8022-0262","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nanjian","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0040-4411","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cong","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2021.638474"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/82.842110"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICTA53157.2021.9661702"},{"key":"ref32","volume":"135","author":"sutton","year":"1998","journal-title":"Introduction to Reinforcement Learning"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-56927-2"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/neco.2007.19.11.2881"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNNLS.2018.2826721"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10472-019-09665-3"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fncom.2015.00099"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNN.2003.820440"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2020.00143"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSI.2021.3061766"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/78829"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3304103"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1677-2"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSI.2018.2881753"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSI.2020.2966884"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSII.2019.2890846"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2018.2823730"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JETCAS.2020.3031040"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSI.2021.3052885"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNNLS.2019.2899936"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sysarc.2017.01.003"},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"145","article-title":"A 0.086-mm2 12.7-pJ\/SOP 64k-Synapse 256-Neuron online-learning digital spiking neuromorphic processor in 28-nm CMOS","volume":"13","author":"frenkel","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Biomed Circuits Syst"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSII.2021.3117699"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSSC.2018.2884901"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBCAS.2019.2928793"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBCAS.2019.2945406"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSSC.2019.2942367"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBCAS.2019.2952714"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVLSI.2013.2294916"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2016.09.071"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2018.00665"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCAD.2015.2474396"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSSC.2013.2259038"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISCAS.2010.5536970"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2014.2313565"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MM.2018.112130359"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2015.00141"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSSC.2014.2332134"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSII.2021.3052172"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511815706"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNNLS.2014.2362542"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2823260"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSII.2017.2775583"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/34.927464"},{"key":"ref41","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref44","article-title":"Poker-DVS and MNIST-DVS. Their history, how they were made, and other details","volume":"9","author":"teresa","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2015.00437"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/4156126\/9916560\/09822407.pdf?arnumber=9822407","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,14]],"date-time":"2022-10-14T18:01:59Z","timestamp":1665770519000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/9822407\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tbcas.2022.3189240","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-4545","1940-9990"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-4545","type":"print"},{"value":"1940-9990","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]}}}