{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T20:15:58Z","timestamp":1774556158397,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"name":"Theme-based Research Scheme of the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong SAR Government","award":["T41-709\/17-N"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T41-709\/17-N"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Big Data"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tbdata.2025.3533882","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,27]],"date-time":"2025-01-27T14:06:19Z","timestamp":1737986779000},"page":"2443-2456","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["CTDI: CNN-Transformer-Based Spatial-Temporal Missing Air Pollution Data Imputation"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9513-878X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yangwen","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1380-9445","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victor O. K.","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8805-3574","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacqueline C. K.","family":"Lam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong"}]},{"given":"Kelvin","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6621-9273","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2016-208910"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JOM.0b013e318193e12e"},{"key":"ref3","article-title":"WHO Health Topic: Air pollution","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2011.07.007"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envsci.2020.10.015"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2017.05.091"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi6120389"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s8063601"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b03709"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/b813889c"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBDATA.2023.3277710"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BigData.2017.8257965"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBDATA.2021.3123819"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2909111"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2017.2658601"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2024.3410171"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3174853"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11270-021-05363-1"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2010.05.002"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.2988684"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-59801-x"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envsci.2021.09.001","volume":"125","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Policy"},{"key":"ref23","first-page":"15908","article-title":"Transformer in transformer","volume-title":"Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","author":"Han"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.emnlp-demos.6"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2018.8462506"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2022.3152247"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v35i12.17325"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ASRU46091.2019.9003750"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21437\/Interspeech.2019-2594"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0962280206075304"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nur.10015"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2012.05.073"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btr597"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/INFCOMW.2016.7562036"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-93040-4_21"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BigData.2017.8258139"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBDATA.2020.2979443"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/SERIES1345"},{"key":"ref39","article-title":"Multiple imputation for interval estimation from surveys with ignorable nonresponse","author":"Schenker","year":"1985"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119013563"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.278"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2015.7298965"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envsci.2021.06.011"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2020.06.005"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matpr.2021.05.351"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24963\/ijcai.2018\/322"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enbuild.2020.109941"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compenvurbsys.2022.101823"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref49","first-page":"115","article-title":"A novel framework based on CNN-LSTM neural network for prediction of missing values in electricity consumption time-series datasets","volume":"18","author":"Hussain","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Inf. Process. Syst."},{"issue":"12","key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6999","DOI":"10.1109\/TNNLS.2021.3084827","volume":"33","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Neural Netw. Learn. Syst."},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/neco_a_00990"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13748-019-00203-0"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/3DV.2016.79"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICMLA.2018.00227"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/P18-1030"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ASRU.2013.6707742"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/neco_a_01199"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envsci.2020.10.004"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MWSCAS.2017.8053243"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/YAC.2016.7804912"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOCOM.2017.8255004"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s18072220"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-020-04867-x"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2020.114513"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/ARXIV.1706.03762"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP39728.2021.9413901"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/N18-2074"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/P19-1580"},{"key":"ref69","article-title":"BERT: Pre-training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding","author":"Devlin","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11023-020-09548-1"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref71","first-page":"5485","article-title":"Exploring the limits of transfer learning with a unified text-to-text transformer","volume":"21","author":"Raffel","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Mach. Learn. Res."},{"key":"ref72","article-title":"Spatial-temporal transformer networks for traffic flow forecasting","author":"Xu","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2021.3074564"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apr.2023.101839"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cageo.2007.07.010"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-40728-4_48"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7312\/haza92762-003"},{"key":"ref78","article-title":"Deep-air: A hybrid CNN-LSTM framework for air quality modeling in metropolitan cities","author":"Han","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2023.119619"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICoAC.2012.6416805"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.4067"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14539"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-00296-0_5"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Big Data"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/6687317\/11149634\/10854914.pdf?arnumber=10854914","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,4]],"date-time":"2025-09-04T04:37:44Z","timestamp":1756960664000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/10854914\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"references-count":83,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tbdata.2025.3533882","relation":{},"ISSN":["2332-7790","2372-2096"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2332-7790","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2372-2096","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}}}