{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T08:47:09Z","timestamp":1775897229916,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":179,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Biom. Behav. Identity Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tbiom.2024.3485990","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,24]],"date-time":"2024-10-24T13:32:39Z","timestamp":1729776759000},"page":"293-312","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Person De-Identification: A Comprehensive Review of Methods, Datasets, Applications, and Ethical Aspects Along With New Dimensions"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7511-3873","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wasiq","family":"Khan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Mathematics, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, U.K."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6689-7944","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luke K.","family":"Topham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Mathematics, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, U.K."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Umar","family":"Khayam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Artificial Intelligence Institute, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9927-3209","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandra","family":"Ortega-Martorell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Mathematics, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, U.K."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heather","family":"Panter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Justice, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, U.K."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2818-3315","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Darren","family":"Ansell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering and Computing, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, U.K."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9170-0568","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dhiya","family":"Al-Jumeily","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Mathematics, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, U.K."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8413-0045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abir J.","family":"Hussain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Sciences and Engineering, Sharjah University, Sharjah, UAE"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","volume-title":"Force Management Statement","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"1","article-title":"The European Parliament and of the Council, \u201cGeneral data protection regulation","volume":"59","year":"2016","journal-title":"Off. J. Eur. Union"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSVT.2011.2105551"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW.2017.176"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2020.09.001"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW.2017.173"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"1360","article-title":"Deep metric learning for person re-identification and de-identification","volume-title":"Proc. 39th Int. Conv. Inf. Commun. Technol., Electron. Microelectron. (MIPRO)","author":"Ivan"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-01710-1_4"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2909530"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781003028918-16"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0967010614533243"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rob.21977"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.robot.2015.06.008","article-title":"Distributed motion misbehavior detection in teams of heterogeneous aerial robots","volume":"74","author":"Simone","year":"2015","journal-title":"Robot. Auton. Syst."},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCE.2016.2556879"},{"key":"ref15","volume-title":"Why police cover the face of accused\u2014Law of presumption of innocence","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1757-899X\/1029\/1\/012042"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24996\/ijs.2019.60.7.22"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22401\/anjs.00.1.27"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1520340.1520704"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2810103.2813603"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICME.2010.5583552"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1143518.1143519"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/358916.358935"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2005.32"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2020.3004555"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/11767831_15"},{"key":"ref27","article-title":"Defeating image obfuscation with deep learning","author":"McPherson","year":"2016","journal-title":"arXiv:1609.00408"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.3011699"},{"key":"ref29","volume-title":"Police waste hours pixelating body camera footage instead of fighting crime","author":"Hymas","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref30","volume-title":"Police waste hours pixelating body camera footage instead of fighting crime","author":"Hymas","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/FG.2015.7285017"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.image.2016.05.020"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2015.01.041"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2021.3096024"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-77409-9_14"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-45559-4_23"},{"key":"ref37","first-page":"1","article-title":"Face blurring for privacy in street-level geoviewers combining face, body and skin detectors","volume-title":"Proc. 11th IAPR Conf. Mach. Vis. Appl.","author":"Alexandre"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:VISI.0000013087.49260.fb"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2478\/popets-2021-0032"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AVSS.2014.6918642"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-6596\/1903\/1\/012026"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3335203.3335719"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-00012-7_33"},{"key":"ref44","article-title":"Practical digital disguises: Leveraging face swaps to protect patient privacy","author":"Wilson","year":"2022","journal-title":"arXiv:2204.03559"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3375627.3375849"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2017.05.067"},{"key":"ref47","first-page":"1","article-title":"Towards neural art-based face de-identification in video data","volume-title":"Proc. 1st Int. Workshop Sens., Process. Learn. Int. Mach. (SPLINE)","author":"Karla"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/FG.2015.7163166"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2009.5459189"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/34.927467"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2019.00947"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BIOSIG55365.2022.9896972"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/e26060479"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tbiom.2024.3376236"},{"key":"ref55","first-page":"1","article-title":"Deep unsupervised learning using nonequilibrium thermodynamics","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Mach. Learn.","author":"Sohl-Dickstein"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2022.06.039"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12083-021-01091-9"},{"key":"ref58","first-page":"1","article-title":"Generative adversarial networks","volume-title":"Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","volume":"3","author":"Goodfellow"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11390-019-1898-8"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2019.12.002"},{"key":"ref61","first-page":"1","article-title":"Very deep convolutional networks for large-scale image recognition","volume-title":"Proc. ICLR","author":"Simonyan"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-24574-4_28"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMTRONICS51293.2020.9216358"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2013.248"},{"key":"ref65","first-page":"5050","article-title":"Natural and effective obfuscation by head inpainting","volume-title":"Proc. IEEE\/CVF Conf. Comput. Vis. Pattern Recognit.","author":"Qianru"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/lsp.2021.3067517"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2020.3024026"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2021.06.061"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-33720-9_44"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3474085.3475367"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3531073.3531125"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICB2018.2018.00023"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-spr.2017.0049"},{"key":"ref74","first-page":"2584","article-title":"Reliable crowdsourcing and deep locality-preserving learning for expression recognition in the wild","volume-title":"Proc. IEEE Conf. Comput. Vis. Pattern Recognit.","author":"Shan"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imavis.2023.104678"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.image.2019.115699"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app12146962"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.90"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/fg.2018.00020"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW.2006.125"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MIPRO.2014.6859758"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-01249-6_11"},{"key":"ref83","article-title":"FICGAN: Facial identity controllable GAN for de-identification","author":"Jeong","year":"2021","journal-title":"arXiv:2110.00740"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/e20010060"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AVSS.2019.8909866"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/ChiCC.2018.8483889"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MIPRO.2014.6859756"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BTAS.2014.6996249"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW.2011.5981881"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2020.09.003"},{"key":"ref91","first-page":"3730","article-title":"Deep learning face attributes in the wild","volume-title":"Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Comput. Vis. (ICCV)","author":"Ziwei"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/FGR.2006.78"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02699930903485076"},{"key":"ref94","article-title":"The MUCT landmarked face database","author":"Milborrow","journal-title":"Pattern Recognit. Assoc. South Africa"},{"key":"ref95","first-page":"1","article-title":"Labeled faces in the wild: A database for studying face recognition in unconstrained environments","volume-title":"Proc. Workshop Faces \u2019Real-Life\u2019 Images, Detect., Align., Recognit.","author":"Huang"},{"key":"ref96","article-title":"The AR face database: CVC technical report","author":"Martinez","year":"1998"},{"key":"ref97","first-page":"1","article-title":"XM2VTSDB: The extended M2VTS database","volume-title":"Proc. Audio Video-Based Person Authent.","author":"Messer"},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW.2010.5543262"},{"key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/34.927464"},{"key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2015.7299113"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.596"},{"key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/FG.2015.7163158"},{"key":"ref103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2014.407"},{"key":"ref104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/FGR.2006.6"},{"key":"ref105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW.2014.126"},{"key":"ref106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.00453"},{"key":"ref107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2009.5459250"},{"key":"ref108","article-title":"Progressive growing of GANs for improved quality, stability, and variation","author":"Karras","year":"2017","journal-title":"arXiv:1710.10196"},{"key":"ref109","article-title":"Learning face representation from scratch","author":"Yi","year":"2014","journal-title":"arXiv:1411.7923"},{"key":"ref110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIP.2014.7025068"},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACV.1994.341300"},{"key":"ref112","first-page":"5810","article-title":"Age progression\/regression by conditional adversarial autoencoder","volume-title":"Proc. IEEE Conf. Comput. Vis. Pattern Recognit. (CVPR)","author":"Zhifei"},{"key":"ref113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2019.00009"},{"key":"ref114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/12.2030974"},{"key":"ref115","article-title":"FDDB: A benchmark for face detection in unconstrained settings","author":"Jain","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/34.879790"},{"key":"ref117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AFGR.2008.4813399"},{"key":"ref118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52688.2022.01547"},{"key":"ref119","first-page":"1","article-title":"Evaluating appearance models for recognition, reacquisition, and tracking","volume-title":"Proc. IEEE Int. Workshop Perform. Eval. Track. Surveill. (PETS)","author":"Gray"},{"key":"ref120","article-title":"The database of faces","volume-title":"Dataset, AT&T Laboratories Cambridge","year":"1994"},{"key":"ref121","volume-title":"The {IMM} face database\u2014An annotated dataset of 240 face images","author":"Nordstr\u00f8m","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSVT.2022.3191982"},{"key":"ref123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11227-021-03825-1"},{"key":"ref124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvcir.2021.103052"},{"key":"ref125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3207836"},{"key":"ref126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics10030236"},{"key":"ref127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSVT.2021.3066054"},{"key":"ref128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2922708"},{"key":"ref129","volume-title":"Falls,\u201d Factsheet","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jsan10030039"},{"key":"ref131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcp1030024"},{"key":"ref132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17165929"},{"key":"ref133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2021.107868"},{"key":"ref134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11760-020-01819-9"},{"key":"ref135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2017.09.028"},{"key":"ref136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13683500.2014.1003797"},{"key":"ref137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIP.2015.7351631"},{"key":"ref138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-29859-3_47"},{"key":"ref139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW.2013.133"},{"key":"ref140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3447651"},{"key":"ref141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GlobalSIP.2015.7418263"},{"key":"ref142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW.2019.00013"},{"key":"ref143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0956797613492986"},{"key":"ref144","volume-title":"Facial Recognition Market by Component (Software Tools (2D Recognition, 3D Recognition, and Facial Analytics) and Services), Application Area (Emotion Recognition, Access Control, and Law Enforcement), Vertical, and Region\u2014Global Forecast to 2024","author":"Methot","year":"2019"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref145","first-page":"37","article-title":"Cell phones, social media, and the capitol insurrection","volume":"60","author":"Dixon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Judges\u2019 J."},{"key":"ref146","volume-title":"America is awash in cameras, a double-edged sword for protesters and police","author":"Kelly","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref147","volume-title":"The Inconsentability of Facial Surveillance","author":"Selinger","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref148","first-page":"10","article-title":"Ethics and facial recognition technology: An integrative review","volume-title":"Proc. 3rd World Symp. Artif. Intell. (WSAI)","author":"Kendall"},{"key":"ref149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/JICES-05-2018-0050"},{"key":"ref150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2012.2214212"},{"key":"ref151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1870076.1870082"},{"key":"ref152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2022.e09086"},{"key":"ref153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2017.11.035"},{"key":"ref154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PSN.0000000000000357"},{"key":"ref155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-020-03256-7"},{"key":"ref156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00146-021-01199-9"},{"key":"ref157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.telpol.2022.102482"},{"key":"ref158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdec.2022.08.003"},{"key":"ref159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jormas.2020.06.007"},{"key":"ref160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/amajethics.2019.180"},{"key":"ref161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-019-01099-5"},{"key":"ref162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-022-03050-7"},{"key":"ref163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/e23081047"},{"key":"ref164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-020-03271-8"},{"key":"ref165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-020-03186-4"},{"key":"ref166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s43681-021-00077-w"},{"key":"ref167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-020-03257-6"},{"key":"ref168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2018.01.007"},{"key":"ref169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2668024.2668027"},{"key":"ref170","first-page":"1347","article-title":"Research on recognition of criminal suspects based on foot sounds","volume-title":"Proc. ITNEC Conf.","author":"Fuxiang"},{"key":"ref171","volume-title":"National AI Strategy","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3533384"},{"key":"ref173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-023-02161-8"},{"key":"ref174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-023-15775-2"},{"key":"ref175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3583135"},{"key":"ref176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2018.00552"},{"key":"ref177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.00482"},{"key":"ref178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11263-016-0940-3"},{"key":"ref179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3134702"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Biometrics, Behavior, and Identity Science"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/8423754\/11052638\/10734402.pdf?arnumber=10734402","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,4]],"date-time":"2025-09-04T18:24:02Z","timestamp":1757010242000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/10734402\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"references-count":179,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tbiom.2024.3485990","relation":{},"ISSN":["2637-6407"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2637-6407","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}}}