{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T03:23:42Z","timestamp":1773977022751,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,1]],"date-time":"2019-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1548979200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,1]],"date-time":"2019-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1548979200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,1]],"date-time":"2019-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1548979200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme through the Marie Sklodowska-Curie","award":["701697"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["701697"]}]},{"name":"Major Program of the National Social Science Fund of China","award":["17ZDA092"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17ZDA092"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005145","name":"Basic Research Program of Jiangsu Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BK20180794"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BK20180794"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005145","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"333 High-Level Talent Cultivation Project of Jiangsu Province","award":["BRA2018332"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BRA2018332"]}]},{"name":"PAPD Fund"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Consumer Electron."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tce.2019.2891160","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,9]],"date-time":"2019-01-09T00:39:20Z","timestamp":1546994360000},"page":"28-37","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":124,"title":["Low-Complexity Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring Using Unsupervised Learning and Generalized Appliance Models"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8485-3582","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qi","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0794-8852","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kondwani Michael","family":"Kamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7612-9981","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaodong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mingxu","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nigel","family":"Linge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref39","first-page":"125","article-title":"Non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM): A state of the art","author":"herrero","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Practical Appl Agents Multi-Agent Syst"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CENCON.2015.7409513"},{"key":"ref33","first-page":"1","article-title":"Load disaggregation with metaheuristic optimization","author":"egarter","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc 4th D-A-CH Energieinformatik Conf"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPWRS.2017.2660246"},{"key":"ref31","first-page":"1153","article-title":"Energy disaggregation via discriminative sparse coding","author":"kolter","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc 23rd Conf Neural Inf Process Syst"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IS.2012.6335166"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCE.2011.5735484"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCE.2015.7064107"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCE.2018.2843292"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSII.2016.2603479"},{"key":"ref10","first-page":"1472","article-title":"Approximate inference in additive factorial HMMs with application to energy disaggregation","volume":"22","author":"kolter","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Artif Intell Stat"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-68505-2_34"},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"356","article-title":"Non-intrusive load monitoring using prior models of general appliance types","author":"parson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc 26th AAAI Conf Artif Intell (AAAI)"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SmartGridComm.2015.7436411"},{"key":"ref13","article-title":"Bayesian nonparametric hidden Markov models","author":"gael","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSG.2015.2494592"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2016.2557460"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MSP.2014.2329213"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GlobalSIP.2015.7418158"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CIES.2014.7011835"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GlobalSIP.2013.6736923"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CCECE.2016.7726786"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/5.192069"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CCECE.2015.7129156"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCE.2017.015014"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CIASG.2013.6611501"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/FIIW.2012.6378333"},{"key":"ref5","first-page":"1","article-title":"An approach for unsupervised non-intrusive load monitoring of residential appliances","author":"barsim","year":"2014","journal-title":"in 2nd International Workshop on Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1137\/1.9781611972818.64"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s121216838"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCE.2013.6490242"},{"key":"ref9","article-title":"Unsupervised training methods for non-intrusive appliance load monitoring from smart meter data","author":"parson","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCE.2014.6851994"},{"key":"ref46","first-page":"1","article-title":"Power disaggregation for low-sampling rate data","author":"jing","year":"2014","journal-title":"in 2nd International Workshop on Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2821650.2821672"},{"key":"ref45","first-page":"673","article-title":"Bayesian nonparametric hidden semi-Markov models","volume":"14","author":"johnson","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Mach Learn Res"},{"key":"ref22","first-page":"2604","article-title":"Sequence to-point learning with neural networks for nonintrusive load monitoring","author":"zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc AAAI Conf Artif Intell (AAAI)"},{"key":"ref21","article-title":"Applications of deep learning techniques on NILM","author":"paulo","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(96)00140-9"},{"key":"ref24","article-title":"Hybrid model approach to appliance load disaggregation","author":"huss","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-00018-9_42"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2016.7472104"},{"key":"ref44","first-page":"1","article-title":"REDD: A public data set for energy disaggregation research","author":"kolter","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc Workshop Data Min Appl Sustain (SIGKDD)"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2014.2304781"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13042-016-0572-5"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/FUZZY.2011.6007393"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/30\/8625853\/08603750.pdf?arnumber=8603750","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,13]],"date-time":"2022-07-13T20:52:40Z","timestamp":1657745560000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/8603750\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tce.2019.2891160","relation":{},"ISSN":["0098-3063","1558-4127"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0098-3063","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-4127","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]}}}