{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T15:43:54Z","timestamp":1775144634981,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]],"date-time":"2022-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651363200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]],"date-time":"2022-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651363200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]],"date-time":"2022-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651363200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Discovery Grant from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Commun."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tcomm.2022.3159836","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,16]],"date-time":"2022-03-16T19:37:42Z","timestamp":1647459462000},"page":"3169-3185","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Self-Organizing mmWave MIMO Cell-Free Networks With Hybrid Beamforming: A Hierarchical DRL-Based Design"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"70","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3724-3703","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasser","family":"Al-Eryani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5932-6887","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ekram","family":"Hossain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2017.2655515"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2020.3018825"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2019.2937543"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2019.2933831"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2017.2698449"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TGCN.2019.2908228"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LWC.2018.2890470"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2019.2931971"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2020.2987311"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2021.3059300"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2020.2980820"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOCOMW.2018.8644255"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2020.2987027"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICC40277.2020.9148898"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2016.2571730"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LWC.2017.2734893"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2019.2952117"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICC.2019.8761828"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13638-019-1507-0"},{"key":"ref20","article-title":"Distributed uplink beamforming in cell-free networks using deep reinforcement learning","author":"Fredj","year":"2020","journal-title":"arXiv:2006.15138"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IEEECONF44664.2019.9048903"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.3012199"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2020.3000804"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTSP.2016.2523924"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.2003.1186553"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSYST.2020.2975653"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2015.2455980"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2014.011714.130846"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIT.2010.2090255"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2007.897212"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VTCSpring.2017.8108586"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-804418-6.00008-X"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511804441"},{"key":"ref34","volume-title":"Antenna theory: Analysis and Design","author":"Balanis","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2016.2604821"},{"key":"ref36","article-title":"A deep Q-learning method for downlink power allocation in multi-cell networks","author":"Ishfaq Ahmed","year":"2019","journal-title":"arXiv:1904.13032"},{"key":"ref37","volume-title":"Reinforcement Learning: An Introduction","author":"Sutton","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref38","volume-title":"Concrete Mathematics","author":"Ronald Graham","year":"1988"},{"key":"ref39","article-title":"Playing atari with deep reinforcement learning","author":"Mnih","year":"2013","journal-title":"arXiv:1312.5602"},{"key":"ref40","volume-title":"On-Line Q-Learning Using Connectionist Systems","author":"Rummery","year":"1994"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/bf00992696"},{"key":"ref42","article-title":"Asynchronous methods for deep reinforcement learning","author":"Mnih","year":"2016","journal-title":"arXiv:1602.01783"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.38.8.716"},{"key":"ref44","article-title":"Soft actor-critic for discrete action settings","author":"Christodoulou","year":"2019","journal-title":"arXiv:1910.07207"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1090\/S0025-5718-1965-0198670-6"},{"key":"ref46","article-title":"Continuous control with deep reinforcement learning","author":"Lillicrap","year":"2015","journal-title":"arXiv:1509.02971"},{"key":"ref47","article-title":"Soft actor-critic: Off-policy maximum entropy deep reinforcement learning with a stochastic actor","author":"Haarnoja","year":"2018","journal-title":"arXiv:1801.01290"},{"key":"ref48","article-title":"Modeling purposeful adaptive behavior with the principle of maximum causal entropy","author":"Ziebart","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1214\/aoms\/1177729694"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2007.05207"},{"key":"ref51","first-page":"486","article-title":"A theoretical analysis of deep Q-learning","volume-title":"Proc. 2nd Conf. Learn. Dyn. Control","author":"Fan"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2011.060811.101962"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Communications"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/26\/9776531\/09736948.pdf?arnumber=9736948","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,18]],"date-time":"2024-01-18T00:45:22Z","timestamp":1705538722000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/9736948\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tcomm.2022.3159836","relation":{},"ISSN":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0090-6778","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-0857","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]}}}