{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]],"date-time":"2025-10-07T08:48:19Z","timestamp":1759826899159,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Comput. Soc. Syst."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tcss.2022.3159709","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,25]],"date-time":"2022-03-25T19:44:16Z","timestamp":1648237456000},"page":"783-794","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Are Fake Images Bothering You on Social Network? Let Us Detect Them Using Recurrent Neural Network"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0896-0650","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pushpendu","family":"Kar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhengrui","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8062-6617","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saeid Pourroostaei","family":"Ardakani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chiew Foong","family":"Kwong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2008.926994"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CCI.2016.7778967"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2014.2302078"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IIH-MSP.2015.27"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1656274.1656278"},{"journal-title":"Improving adam optimizer","year":"2018","author":"tato","key":"ref52"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/78.650093"},{"journal-title":"An Introduction to Tkinter","year":"1999","author":"lundh","key":"ref55"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1461444818799526"},{"journal-title":"Selenium WebDriver Practical Guide","year":"2014","author":"avasarala","key":"ref54"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDM.2013.61"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11591\/ijeecs.v7.i1.pp131-137"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3041021.3053379"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-13734-6_16"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IWQoS.2018.8624183"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4842-2766-4_7"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/ATSIP.2019.12"},{"key":"ref45","volume":"39","author":"sch\u00fctze","year":"2008","journal-title":"Introduction to Information Retrieval"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMM.2016.2617078"},{"key":"ref47","first-page":"1236","article-title":"Joint learning of character and word embeddings","author":"chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc 24th Int Joint Conf Artif Intell"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1504\/IJWMC.2020.108530"},{"key":"ref41","first-page":"128","article-title":"Web crawler for mining web data","volume":"3","author":"amudha","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int Res J Eng Technol"},{"key":"ref44","first-page":"384","article-title":"Word representations: A simple and general method for semi-supervised learning","author":"turian","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc Annual Meeting of the Assoc Computational Linguistics"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1755-1315\/108\/4\/042086"},{"key":"ref49","article-title":"TensorFlow: Large-scale machine learning on heterogeneous distributed systems","author":"abadi","year":"2016","journal-title":"arXiv 1603 04467"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/jep.31.2.211"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s41235-017-0067-2"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2487788.2488033"},{"article-title":"The state of photography: The lives and livelihoods of photojournalists in the digital age","year":"2015","author":"hadland","key":"ref4"},{"journal-title":"Facebook Users Are Uploading 350 Million New Photos Each Day","year":"2013","author":"smith","key":"ref3"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21507740.2020.1740351"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inffus.2020.06.014"},{"key":"ref40","first-page":"207","article-title":"Overcoming the vanishing gradient problem during learning recurrent neural nets (RNN)","volume":"9","author":"fadziso","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Appl Sci Eng A"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/P18-1195"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/INAPR.2018.8627029"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v34i01.5393"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/P18-1184"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00500-017-2729-x"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1361684.1361685"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/P17-1066"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCI.2016.2572539"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"46","article-title":"Social media data mining: A social network analysis of tweets during the 2010–2011 Australian floods","volume":"11","author":"cheong","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc PACIS"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14236\/ewic\/VOCS2010.8"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3115\/v1\/W14-4012"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/neco.1997.9.8.1735"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2350190.2350203"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0168344"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2015.01.005"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2907772"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDM.2014.91"},{"key":"ref22","first-page":"3818","article-title":"Detecting rumors from microblogs with recurrent neural networks","author":"ma","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc 25th Int Joint Conf Artif Intell"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v32i1.11268"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11280-015-0381-x"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-11116-2_8"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10660-017-9257-8"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/6570650\/10089892\/09743278.pdf?arnumber=9743278","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,24]],"date-time":"2023-04-24T18:36:45Z","timestamp":1682361405000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/9743278\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tcss.2022.3159709","relation":{},"ISSN":["2329-924X","2373-7476"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2329-924X"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2373-7476"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]}}}