{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T16:25:45Z","timestamp":1781713545105,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Comput. Soc. Syst."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tcss.2025.3550196","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]],"date-time":"2025-03-21T20:47:43Z","timestamp":1742590063000},"page":"4650-4664","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["START: A Spatiotemporal Autoregressive Transformer for Enhancing Crime Prediction Accuracy"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9197-3419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Umair Muneer","family":"Butt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, University of Management &#x0026; Technology (Sialkot Campus), Lahore, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3521-7141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sukumar","family":"Letchmunan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2467-4045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mubashir","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8152-4065","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hafiz Husnain Raza","family":"Sherazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computing, Newcastle University, New Castle, U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2663204.2663254"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00146-022-01435-w"},{"key":"ref3","first-page":"31","article-title":"Extracting crime information from online newspaper articles","volume-title":"Proc. 2nd Australas. Web Conf.","volume":"155","author":"Arulanandam","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2023.3237681"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref5","first-page":"139","article-title":"Forecasting meteorological time series data with a reduced form vector autoregressive (VAR) model and three univariate time series techniques: A comparative study","volume":"2","author":"Adenomon","year":"2014","journal-title":"Social Basic Sci. Res. Rev."},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3224938"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3068306"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref8","first-page":"21","article-title":"Time series forecasting: A comparative study of VAR ANN and SVM models","volume":"8","author":"Siraj-Ud-Doulah","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Statist. Econometric Methods"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-42058-1_27"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inffus.2022.10.008"},{"key":"ref11","article-title":"Deep learning for real time crime forecasting","author":"Wang","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref12","article-title":"Forecasting crime using ARIMA model","author":"Islam","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICBK.2017.3"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12145-023-01138-w"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/su142013568"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3078117"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2021.11.052"},{"key":"ref18","article-title":"Long-range transformers for dynamic spatiotemporal forecasting","author":"Grigsby","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-77977-1_20"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2022.10.009"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00034-023-02454-8"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/info14040242"},{"key":"ref23","article-title":"ETSformer: Exponential smoothing transformers for time-series forecasting","author":"Woo","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2022.120120"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0274172"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7249\/rr233"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDM.2018.00190"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1938606.1938608"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ASONAM.2014.6921628"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2023.121734"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2023.111050"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-15-0372-6_2"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi6030073"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jairtraman.2023.102525"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iref.2023.10.013"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/e24111651"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2023.09.039"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s43586-024-00294-7"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inffus.2023.102147"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11760-023-02823-5"},{"key":"ref41","article-title":"ViT-V-Net: Vision transformer for unsupervised volumetric medical image registration","author":"Chen","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref42","article-title":"Bert: Pre-training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding","author":"Devlin","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnlssr.2023.07.001"},{"key":"ref44","article-title":"TransCrimeNet: A transformer-based model for text-based crime prediction in criminal networks","author":"Yang","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24963\/ijcai.2023\/759"},{"key":"ref46","first-page":"22419","article-title":"Autoformer: Decomposition transformers with auto-correlation for long-term series forecasting","volume-title":"Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","volume":"34","author":"Wu","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref47","first-page":"107","article-title":"Time-varying parameter VAR model with stochastic volatility: An overview of methodology and empirical applications","volume":"29","author":"Nakajima","year":"2011","journal-title":"Monetary Econ. Stud."},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijforecast.2017.01.003"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1561\/0800000013"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00036846.2014.916391"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-15-3643-4_23"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17467586.2019.1700541"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2021.3052796"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijforecast.2022.03.001"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fenrg.2021.720406"},{"key":"ref56","article-title":"N-beats: Neural basis expansion analysis for interpretable time series forecasting","author":"Oreshkin","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D16-1093"},{"key":"ref58","article-title":"NYPD Complaint Data Historic\u2014NYC Open Data","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref59","article-title":"Citizen law enforcement analysis and reporting system","author":"System","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref60","article-title":"Los Angeles Police Department","author":"Data","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmcj.2019.01.003"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.3022808"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SMARTCOMP.2018.00069"},{"key":"ref64","first-page":"15","article-title":"Forecast KPI: RMSE, MAE, MAPE & bias","author":"Vandeput","year":"2019","journal-title":"Data Science for Supply Chain Forecast"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tourman.2018.07.010"},{"key":"ref66","article-title":"Adam: A method for stochastic optimization","author":"Kingma","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3132847.3133024"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3269206.3271793"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0296486"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2024.3391913"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3366423.3380296"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s22030841"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/6570650\/11272985\/10936206.pdf?arnumber=10936206","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]],"date-time":"2025-12-03T18:44:37Z","timestamp":1764787477000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/10936206\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"references-count":72,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tcss.2025.3550196","relation":{},"ISSN":["2329-924X","2373-7476"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2329-924X","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2373-7476","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}}}