{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T21:01:54Z","timestamp":1784667714114,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,1]],"date-time":"2020-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588291200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,1]],"date-time":"2020-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588291200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,1]],"date-time":"2020-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588291200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61672228"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61672228"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61872241"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61872241"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61671290"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61671290"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61572316"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61572316"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61751202"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61751202"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61751205"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61751205"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61572540"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61572540"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61370174"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61370174"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Basic Research Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2016YFC1300302"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016YFC1300302"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Basic Research Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017YFE0104000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017YFE0104000"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006469","name":"Macau Science and Technology Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["0027\/2018\/A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0027\/2018\/A1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006469","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006469","name":"Macau Science and Technology Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["019\/2015\/A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["019\/2015\/A1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006469","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006469","name":"Macau Science and Technology Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["079\/2017\/A2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["079\/2017\/A2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006469","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006469","name":"Macau Science and Technology Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["024\/2015\/AMJ"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["024\/2015\/AMJ"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006469","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003399","name":"Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["16DZ0501100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16DZ0501100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003399","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003399","name":"Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["17411952600"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17411952600"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003399","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Shanghai Automotive Industry Science and Technology Development Foundation","award":["1837"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1837"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004733","name":"Multi-Year Research Grant of University of Macau","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004733","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Cybern."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tcyb.2018.2875983","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,6]],"date-time":"2018-11-06T01:48:16Z","timestamp":1541468896000},"page":"2152-2165","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Outdoor Shadow Estimating Using Multiclass Geometric Decomposition Based on BLS"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Zhihua","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8510-2556","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bin","family":"Sheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1503-0240","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ping","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5451-7230","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C.L. Philip","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SPAC.2017.8304275"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2005.107"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1275","DOI":"10.1109\/TNNLS.2014.2336852","article-title":"Blind image quality assessment via deep learning","volume":"26","author":"hou","year":"2015","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Neural Netw Learn Syst"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNNLS.2015.2435783"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNNLS.2017.2716952"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2018.2866090"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2009.5459163"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCSS.2017.8091501"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/YAC.2017.7967609"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14539","article-title":"Deep learning","volume":"521","author":"lecun","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIP.2017.8296952"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2015.09.006"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIP.2017.8296759"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2014.2341737","article-title":"A video, text, and speech-driven realistic 3-D virtual head for human&#x2013;machine interface","volume":"45","author":"yu","year":"2015","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Cybern"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2013.2297931"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VCIP.2017.8305027"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VCIP.2017.8305111"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2016.2529300"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2013.2291196"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2018.2833963"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WiSPNET.2017.8299893"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2018.01.005"},{"key":"ref4","first-page":"1","article-title":"Estimating pose and illumination direction for frontal face synthesis","author":"huang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Conf Comp Vis Pattern Recognit"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2018.2874285"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2015.2495157"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cag.2012.07.004"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2016.07.059"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIP.2017.8296328"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2018.2789524"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11432-012-4558-y"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2017.2786309"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCB.2012.2208744"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2015.2494877"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0038-092X(93)90017-I"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1007-0214(07)70007-X"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISPACS.2017.8266487"},{"key":"ref48","first-page":"2695","article-title":"Recognizing scene viewpoint using panoramic place representation","author":"xiao","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Conf Comput Vis Pattern Recognit"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2018.2869326"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2017.255"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2011.5995585"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2017.2695655"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2018.2832053"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2017.2737321"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11263-011-0501-8"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISC2.2017.8090864"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijinfomgt.2018.03.004"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2012.176"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMC.2018.2850149"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/6221036\/9068331\/08520880.pdf?arnumber=8520880","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,27]],"date-time":"2022-04-27T17:21:16Z","timestamp":1651080076000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/8520880\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tcyb.2018.2875983","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-2267","2168-2275"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-2267","type":"print"},{"value":"2168-2275","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]}}}