{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T03:06:44Z","timestamp":1792033604931,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FL190100149"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FL190100149"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Cybern."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tcyb.2022.3181193","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,27]],"date-time":"2022-06-27T20:38:34Z","timestamp":1656362314000},"page":"1048-1061","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Multiclass Classification With Fuzzy-Feature Observations: Theory and Algorithms"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5726-1672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guangzhi","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Australian Artificial Intelligence Institute, Faulty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0690-4732","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jie","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Australian Artificial Intelligence Institute, Faulty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5005-9129","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Feng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Australian Artificial Intelligence Institute, Faulty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0602-6255","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhen","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Australian Artificial Intelligence Institute, Faulty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3960-0583","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guangquan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Australian Artificial Intelligence Institute, Faulty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2018.2877080"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MIS.2013.27"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2015.2466616"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2017.05.025"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2018.2872800"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2013.2262935"},{"key":"ref7","volume-title":"Foundations of Machine Learning","author":"Mohri","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1214\/aos\/1015362183"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1613\/jair.5638"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref10","first-page":"113","article-title":"Reducing Multiclass to binary: A unifying approach for margin classifiers","volume":"1","author":"Allwein","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Mach. Learn. Res."},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"287","article-title":"Optimal learners for multiclass problems","volume-title":"Proc. Conf. Learn. Theory","author":"Daniely"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"1225","article-title":"Train faster, generalize better: Stability of stochastic gradient descent","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Mach. Learn.","author":"Hardt"},{"key":"ref13","article-title":"A PAC-Bayesian tutorial with a dropout bound","author":"McAllester","year":"2013","journal-title":"arXiv:1307.2118"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2016.2524207"},{"key":"ref15","first-page":"1593","article-title":"Multi-class learning: From theory to algorithm","volume-title":"Proc. NeurIPS","volume":"31","author":"Li"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24963\/ijcai.2020\/350"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNNLS.2020.3017213"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v35i12.17322"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2022.3146234"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2021.3128560"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2011.05.007"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2020.3016972"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TFUZZ.2020.3018191"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TFUZZ.2018.2857725"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TFUZZ.2019.2952792"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/FUZZ45933.2021.9494497"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-247X(86)90093-4"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0114(97)00241-8"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fss.2014.01.006"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TFUZZ.2010.2087382"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TFUZZ.2006.890658"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/FUZZ48607.2020.9177603"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref33","first-page":"723","article-title":"A kernel two-sample test","volume":"13","author":"Gretton","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Mach. Learn. Res."},{"key":"ref34","first-page":"6316","article-title":"Learning deep kernels for non-parametric two-sample tests","volume-title":"Proc. ICML","author":"Liu"},{"key":"ref35","first-page":"5848","article-title":"Meta two-sample testing: Learning kernels for testing with limited data","volume-title":"Proc. NeurIPS","author":"Liu"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2012.2232935"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TFUZZ.2014.2387872"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TFUZZ.2015.2501438"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2018.2850308"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2018.2821764"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2020.2973673"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TFUZZ.2018.2836364"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TFUZZ.2012.2212444"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNNLS.2013.2253617"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2903725"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TFUZZ.2017.2694801"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fss.2015.04.012"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fss.2019.03.017"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/int.1030"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0114(97)00337-0"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0114(01)00125-7"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0114(96)00144-3"},{"key":"ref53","first-page":"219","article-title":"Support vector machines for multi-class pattern recognition","volume-title":"Proc. Eur. Symp. Artif. Neural Netw.","volume":"99","author":"Weston"},{"key":"ref54","first-page":"1","article-title":"Adam: A method for stochastic optimization","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Learn. Represent.","author":"Kingma"},{"key":"ref55","article-title":"Oversampling for imbalanced learning based on $k$-means and smote","author":"Last","year":"2017","journal-title":"arXiv:1711.00837"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.2010.764"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/6221036\/10402573\/09807681.pdf?arnumber=9807681","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,29]],"date-time":"2024-11-29T18:55:22Z","timestamp":1732906522000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/9807681\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tcyb.2022.3181193","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-2267","2168-2275"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-2267","type":"print"},{"value":"2168-2275","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]}}}