{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T17:28:37Z","timestamp":1783790917692,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,1]],"date-time":"2018-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1519862400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"}],"funder":[{"name":"Singapore National Research Foundation under NCR","award":["NRF2014NCR-NCR001-012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF2014NCR-NCR001-012"]}]},{"name":"MOE's AcRF Tier 1","award":["C220\/MSS13C004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C220\/MSS13C004"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Dependable and Secure Comput."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,1]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tdsc.2016.2550459","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,5]],"date-time":"2016-04-05T20:08:17Z","timestamp":1459886897000},"page":"231-245","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Empirical Study of Face Authentication Systems Under OSNFD Attacks"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Yan","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingjiu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ke","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiang","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert H.","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2004.04.001"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/34.927464"},{"key":"ref33","year":"0"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICB.2012.6199761"},{"key":"ref31","first-page":"1249","article-title":"Face verification using temporal affective cues","author":"ng","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Pattern Recog"},{"key":"ref30","author":"rice","year":"0"},{"key":"ref37","year":"0"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2008.106"},{"key":"ref35","year":"0"},{"key":"ref34","year":"0"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2015.2406533"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imavis.2007.05.004"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2007.4409068"},{"key":"ref2","year":"0"},{"key":"ref1","year":"0"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICB.2013.6613026"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IJCB.2011.6117510"},{"key":"ref21","first-page":"1","article-title":"2D face liveness detection: An overview","author":"kahm","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Biometrics Special Interest Group"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICB.2015.7139082"},{"key":"ref23","first-page":"187","article-title":"MoBio_LivDet: Mobile\n biometric liveness detection","author":"akhtar","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Int Conf Adv Video Signal Based Surveillance"},{"key":"ref26","first-page":"233","article-title":"A liveness detection method for face recognition based\n on optical flow field","author":"bao","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Image Anal Process"},{"key":"ref25","first-page":"pp","article-title":"Removal of Moiré pattern noise in\n images using median and gaussian filter","volume":"2","author":"saravanakumar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Sci Tech Res"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2009.5459250"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imavis.2009.08.002"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2590296.2590315"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICB.2012.6199763"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2014.2381273"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-bmt.2011.0012"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IJCB.2011.6117503"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patrec.2006.12.018"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/954339.954342"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2420950.2420976"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1102199.1102214"},{"key":"ref19","first-page":"1","article-title":"Competition on counter measures to 2D facial spoofing attacks","author":"chakka","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Joint Conf Biometrics"},{"key":"ref4","year":"0"},{"key":"ref3","year":"0"},{"key":"ref6","author":"vision","year":"0"},{"key":"ref5","year":"0"},{"key":"ref8","author":"wagner","year":"0"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2003.819611"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2005.92"},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"1","article-title":"On the\n effectiveness of local binary patterns in face anti-spoofing","author":"chingovska","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Biometrics Special Interest Group"},{"key":"ref46","author":"rijsbergen","year":"1979","journal-title":"Information Retrieval"},{"key":"ref45","year":"0"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/5.628723"},{"key":"ref47","year":"0"},{"key":"ref42","first-page":"12","article-title":"Assessment of blurring and facial expression effects on facial image recognition","author":"mottaleb","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Adv Biometrics"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BTAS.2012.6374605"},{"key":"ref44","author":"jr","year":"2013","journal-title":"Applied Logistic Regression"},{"key":"ref43","year":"0"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/8858\/8314283\/07447771.pdf?arnumber=7447771","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,12]],"date-time":"2022-01-12T16:25:50Z","timestamp":1642004750000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/7447771\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,1]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tdsc.2016.2550459","relation":{},"ISSN":["1545-5971"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1545-5971","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,1]]}}}