{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T16:50:52Z","timestamp":1793206252987,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key R&D Program of China","award":["2023YFB2904000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFB2904000"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62032021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62032021"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U2436206"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U2436206"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62372406"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62372406"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62172359"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62172359"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62102354"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62102354"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["LD24F020014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LD24F020014"]}]},{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["LY24F020007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LY24F020007"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Dependable and Secure Comput."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tdsc.2025.3529197","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,15]],"date-time":"2025-01-15T15:29:31Z","timestamp":1736954971000},"page":"3307-3323","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["MagShadow: Physical Adversarial Example Attacks via Electromagnetic Injection"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2311-4193","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ziwei","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Blockchain and Data Security, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou High-Tech Zone (Binjiang) Institute of Blockchain and Data Security, Hangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5240-5200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Feng","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Blockchain and Data Security, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou High-Tech Zone (Binjiang) Institute of Blockchain and Data Security, Hangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0921-8869","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhongjie","family":"Ba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Blockchain and Data Security, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou High-Tech Zone (Binjiang) Institute of Blockchain and Data Security, Hangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5230-3749","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Blockchain and Data Security, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou High-Tech Zone (Binjiang) Institute of Blockchain and Data Security, Hangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1969-2591","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kui","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Blockchain and Data Security, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou High-Tech Zone (Binjiang) Institute of Blockchain and Data Security, Hangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","article-title":"FCC rules for unlicensed wireless equipment operating in the ISM bands","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3410447"},{"key":"ref3","volume-title":"CCTV 700TVL sony CCD 1\/3 Sensor Effio-e 4140 811\/810","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref4","volume-title":"CCTV Camera Module NVP2090 Sony CCD ICX 811\/873,ICX810","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MITS.2013.2292652"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"284","article-title":"Synthesizing robust adversarial examples","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Mach. Learn.","author":"Athalye"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3558482.3590192"},{"key":"ref9","volume-title":"Mil. CCD Camera with Image Process.","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref10","author":"Bochkovskiy","year":"2020","journal-title":"YOLOv4: Optimal Speed Accuracy Object Detection"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR42600.2020.00079"},{"key":"ref12","author":"Brown","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adversarial Patch"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AERO.2016.7500521"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SPW50608.2020.00032"},{"key":"ref15","volume-title":"CCD CCTV Camera","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref16","volume-title":"1m-1000MHz 3.5 W Broadband RF Power Amplifier HF FM VHF UHF Power Amplifier","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref17","volume-title":"High Power RF Amplifiers Syst. Modules","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2018.00175"},{"key":"ref19","volume-title":"Radio Freq. Saf.","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref20","volume-title":"Effective Physical Security","author":"Fennelly","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2022.3167368"},{"key":"ref22","volume-title":"CCD Cameras Inf.","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref23","author":"Goodfellow","year":"2014","journal-title":"Explaining Harnessing Adversarial Examples"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2909068"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VR51125.2022.00073"},{"key":"ref26","volume-title":"CCD Cameras","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SP40001.2021.00091"},{"key":"ref28","first-page":"7249","article-title":"GlitchHiker: Uncovering vulnerabilities of image signal transmission with IEMI","volume-title":"Proc. 32nd USENIX Secur. Symp.","author":"Jiang"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app9183775"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TEMC.2015.2463089"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3488932.3497771"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14722\/ndss.2023.23251"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3485832.3488016"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SP.2013.20"},{"key":"ref35","first-page":"3896","article-title":"Adversarial camera stickers: A physical camera-based attack on deep learning systems","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Mach. Learn.","author":"Li"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/sp46215.2023.10179303"},{"key":"ref37","article-title":"Light can be dangerous: Stealthy and effective physical-world adversarial attack by spot light","volume-title":"Comput. Secur.","volume":"132","author":"Li","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SP46215.2023.10179364"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/4.735552"},{"key":"ref40","first-page":"1865","article-title":"SLAP: Improving physical adversarial examples with Short-Lived adversarial perturbations","volume-title":"Proc. 30th USENIX Secur. Symp.","author":"Lovisotto"},{"key":"ref41","first-page":"1","article-title":"Towards deep learning models resistant to adversarial attacks","volume-title":"Proc. 6th Int. Conf. Learn. Representations","author":"Madry"},{"key":"ref42","first-page":"317","article-title":"GhostImage: Remote perception attacks against camera-based image classification systems","volume-title":"Proc. 23rd Int. Symp. Res. Attacks Intrusions Defenses","author":"Man"},{"key":"ref43","author":"Nguyen","year":"2021","journal-title":"WaNet\u2013Imperceptible Warping-Based Backdoor Attack"},{"key":"ref44","volume-title":"Lp0410 Antenna","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref45","volume-title":"Vert2450 Antenna","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref46","volume-title":"What Makes a Secur. Camera Good For Low Light","author":"Pao","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref47","volume-title":"Selection-For-Street-Light-Luminar","author":"Parmar","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref48","author":"Redmon","year":"2018","journal-title":"YOLOv3: An Incremental Improvement"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/AEIT.2019.8893327"},{"key":"ref50","volume-title":"LimeSDR Mini Unboxing Initial Rev.","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR46437.2021.01443"},{"key":"ref52","volume-title":"CCTV Lux Light Ratings Explained","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SP46214.2022.9833718"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3317611"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3495243.3560531"},{"key":"ref56","volume-title":"Portapack-Hackrf","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref57","volume-title":"CCD vs. CMOS","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref58","first-page":"585","article-title":"A survey on lossless compression of Bayer color filter array images","volume":"10","author":"Trifan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Comput. Electr. Autom. Control Inf. Eng."},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3319535.3354195"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3433210.3453097"},{"key":"ref61","author":"Van Etten","year":"2018","journal-title":"You Only Look Twice: Rapid Multi-Scale Object Detection Satell. Imagery"},{"key":"ref62","first-page":"1543","article-title":"GhostTouch: Targeted attacks on touchscreens without physical touch","volume-title":"Proc. 31st USENIX Secur. Symp.","author":"Wang"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACSSC.2003.1292216"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CEC45853.2021.9504790"},{"key":"ref65","first-page":"2065","article-title":"PatchCleanser: Certifiably robust defense against adversarial patches for any image classifier","volume-title":"Proc. 31st USENIX Secur. Symp.","author":"Xiang"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24963\/ijcai.2018\/543"},{"key":"ref67","author":"Xie","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mitigating Adversarial Effects Through Randomization"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-58558-7_39"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMTT.2021.3058585"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNNLS.2019.2933524"},{"key":"ref71","first-page":"679","article-title":"CAPatch: Physical adversarial patch against image captioning systems","volume-title":"Proc. 32nd USENIX Secur. Symp.","author":"Zhang"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SP40000.2020.00001"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3319535.3354259"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/8858\/11077775\/10840279.pdf?arnumber=10840279","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]],"date-time":"2025-07-11T22:48:30Z","timestamp":1752274110000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/10840279\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"references-count":72,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tdsc.2025.3529197","relation":{},"ISSN":["1545-5971","1941-0018","2160-9209"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1545-5971","type":"print"},{"value":"1941-0018","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2160-9209","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}}}