{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T21:10:49Z","timestamp":1783977049641,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"name":"National basic Scientific Research of China","award":["JCKY2023110C099"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JCKY2023110C099"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62171334"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62171334"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["QTZX24077"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["QTZX24077"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Shaanxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation Project","award":["2025JC-TBZC-12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025JC-TBZC-12"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Dependable and Secure Comput."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tdsc.2026.3681562","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T20:03:44Z","timestamp":1775592224000},"page":"8261-8275","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Boosting the Stealthiness of Backdoor Attack Against Data-Free Detection"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6900-7305","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tao","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Cyber Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-5045-0288","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Cyber Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luyao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Cyber Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3934-2177","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhiquan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Cyber Security, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5437-3572","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yinbin","family":"Miao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Cyber Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8686-3090","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peihan","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Telecommunications Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3491-8146","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert H.","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information Systems, Singapore Management University, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3691625"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WHISPERS65427.2024.10876465"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2024.3433483"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5626\/JCSE.2024.18.1.19"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cose.2024.104101"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3701985"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2025.130296"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-58592-1_14"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-20065-6_11"},{"key":"ref10","first-page":"6399","article-title":"FreeEagle: Detecting complex neural trojans in data-free cases","volume-title":"Proc. USENIX Secur.","author":"Fu","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3746027.3755227"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S0218001425500041"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24963\/ijcai.2022\/242"},{"key":"ref14","article-title":"Model zoo","author":"Koh","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref15","article-title":"AWS marketplace","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV48922.2021.01615"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TDSC.2020.3021407"},{"key":"ref18","article-title":"BadNets: Identifying vulnerabilities in the machine learning model supply chain","author":"Gu","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref19","article-title":"Targeted backdoor attacks on deep learning systems using data poisoning","author":"Chen","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIP.2019.8802997"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0960085X.2023.2270456"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-70903-6_18"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52688.2022.01478"},{"key":"ref24","article-title":"MINST dataset","year":"1998"},{"key":"ref25","article-title":"CIFAR-10 dataset","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref26","article-title":"GTSRB dataset","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref27","article-title":"ImageNet dataset","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3372297.3423362"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.90"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2024.3355816"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ojcs.2023.3267221"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2024.3507873"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.52202\/079017-1380"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14722\/ndss.2018.23291"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-58607-2_11"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3319535.3354209"},{"key":"ref37","first-page":"1","article-title":"WaNet - imperceptible warping-based backdoor attack","volume-title":"Proc. ICLR, Virtual Event","author":"Nguyen","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v34i07.6871"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.52202\/068431-1393"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52733.2024.02342"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3359789.3359790"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SP.2019.00031"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3319535.3363216"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SP40001.2021.00034"},{"key":"ref45","article-title":"Backdoor sentinel: Detecting and detoxifying backdoors in diffusion models via temporal noise consistency","author":"Gu","year":"2026"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3746252.3761026"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-73027-6_16"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14722\/ndss.2025.240179"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/8858\/11603880\/11475627.pdf?arnumber=11475627","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T20:08:23Z","timestamp":1783973303000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11475627\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tdsc.2026.3681562","relation":{},"ISSN":["1545-5971","1941-0018","2160-9209"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1545-5971","type":"print"},{"value":"1941-0018","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2160-9209","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}}}