{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T19:40:59Z","timestamp":1780429259841,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]],"date-time":"2021-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612137600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"}],"funder":[{"name":"Onassis Foundation Scholarship Program"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Eng. Manage."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tem.2019.2914408","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,22]],"date-time":"2019-05-22T16:21:21Z","timestamp":1558542081000},"page":"235-248","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":107,"title":["Social Business Model Innovation: A Quadruple\/Quintuple Helix-Based Social Innovation Ecosystem"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"68","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2348-4311","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elias G.","family":"Carayannis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8613-9350","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evangelos","family":"Grigoroudis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9439-698X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dimitra","family":"Stamati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theodora","family":"Valvi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4614-2062-0"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13132-011-0058-3"},{"key":"ref33","article-title":"500+ Open innovation success stories","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref32","article-title":"Introduction to open and social innovation and how to get started","author":"kreutz","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780199682461.003.0001"},{"key":"ref30","author":"yunus","year":"2010","journal-title":"Building Social Business The New Kind of Capitalism That Serves Humanity's Most Pressing Needs"},{"key":"ref37","article-title":"Making a social enterprise for the homeless sustainable and a success story!","author":"spiliopoulos","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref36","article-title":"Social innovation case studies","author":"combe","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref35","article-title":"Case studies in social innovation: A background paper","author":"hetherington","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joms.12208"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-32150-4"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lrp.2009.12.005"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17705\/1CAIS.01601"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1057\/9781137506801_2"},{"key":"ref1","article-title":"Business models for social enterprise and social business, Entrepreneur's toolkit","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13132-017-0471-3"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S1363919613400033"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/JKM-10-2015-0366"},{"key":"ref24","author":"lindgardt","year":"2012","journal-title":"Business Model Innovation in Social-Sector Organizations"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socec.2009.02.011"},{"key":"ref26","article-title":"Using the business model canvas for social enterprise design","author":"burkett","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref25","article-title":"The tool for social entrepreneurs","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0048-7333(99)00055-4"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/radm.12300"},{"key":"ref57","article-title":"Growing a digital social innovation ecosystem for Europe: DSI final report","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref56","author":"carayannis","year":"2001","journal-title":"The Strategic Management of Technological Learning Learning to Learn and Learning to Learn How-To-Learn As Drivers of Strategic Choice and Firm Performance in Global Technology-Driven Markets"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4018\/jsesd.2010010105"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2192-5372-1-1"},{"key":"ref53","first-page":"153","article-title":"Overcoming the triple helix boundaries in an environmental research collaboration","volume":"44","author":"rosenlund","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Public Policy"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/scipol\/scu075"},{"key":"ref10","article-title":"Kultur und sozialer wandel, ausgewählte schriften","author":"ogburn","year":"1969"},{"key":"ref11","article-title":"Guide to social innovation. Brussels: DG regional and urban policy and DG employment","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref40","first-page":"47","article-title":"Cultivate your ecosystem","volume":"6","author":"bloom","year":"2008","journal-title":"Stanford Soc Innov Rev"},{"key":"ref12","article-title":"Social innovation: What it is, why it matters, how it can be accelerated","author":"mulgan","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref13","first-page":"34","article-title":"Rediscovering social innovation","volume":"6","author":"phills","year":"2008","journal-title":"Stanford Soc Innov Rev"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-6486.2012.01048.x"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2013.05.008","article-title":"Social innovation: Moving the field forward. A conceptual framework","volume":"82","author":"cajaiba-santana","year":"2013","journal-title":"Technol Forecasting Soc Change"},{"key":"ref16","first-page":"1","article-title":"Introduction: From third sector to social enterprise","author":"defourny","year":"2001","journal-title":"The Emergence of Social Enterprise"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08985626.2010.488396"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13132-014-0206-7"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10961-013-9330-y"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jwb.2005.09.002"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusvent.2009.07.005"},{"key":"ref6","article-title":"Growing social innovation: A guide for policy makers","author":"boelman","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref5","first-page":"123","article-title":"From spare change to real change: The social sector as a beta site for business innovation","volume":"77","author":"kanter","year":"1999","journal-title":"Harvard Bus Rev"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1111\/joms.12204","article-title":"Social entrepreneurship as a norm?","volume":"53","author":"corbett","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Manage Stud"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2633661.2633664"},{"key":"ref49","article-title":"State of the art report on social innovation. Boosting Social Innovation","author":"wolkowinski","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2017.05.010"},{"key":"ref46","author":"pulford","year":"2011","journal-title":"The Global Ecosystem for Social Innovation"},{"key":"ref45","first-page":"97","article-title":"Public entrepreneurship: Moving from social\/consumer to public\/citizen","author":"bjerke","year":"2006","journal-title":"The social entrepreneurship of change"},{"key":"ref48","article-title":"Exploring the quadruple helix: Outlining user-oriented innovation models","author":"arnkil","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1057\/9780230367098_9"},{"key":"ref42","author":"cavallini","year":"2016","journal-title":"Using the Quadruple Helix Approach to Accelerate the Transfer of Research and Innovation Results to Regional Growth"},{"key":"ref41","article-title":"An ecosystem for social innovation in Sweden: A strategic research and innovation agenda","author":"hansson","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref44","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cities of the Future Global Competition Local Leadership"},{"key":"ref43","article-title":"Penta helix: Conceptualizing cross-sector collaboration and social innovation processes","author":"bj\u00f6rk","year":"2015"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/17\/9269132\/08720229.pdf?arnumber=8720229","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,12]],"date-time":"2022-01-12T11:53:02Z","timestamp":1641988382000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/8720229\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tem.2019.2914408","relation":{},"ISSN":["0018-9391","1558-0040"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0018-9391","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-0040","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]}}}