{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T15:30:29Z","timestamp":1785511829992,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Eng. Manage."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tem.2025.3586557","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]],"date-time":"2025-07-07T13:49:20Z","timestamp":1751896160000},"page":"3042-3054","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Cybersecurity Challenges in the Digitization and Integration of Renewable Energy Systems: A Review"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"72","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7196-0792","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Krishna","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Water Resources Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4948-8513","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Neeraj Kumar","family":"Pandey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-1523-896X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filippo","family":"Verre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Center for Advanced Middle Eastern Studies, Lund University, Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4543-2857","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachna","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Guwahati, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s42162-022-00195-7"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/9148373"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.suscom.2022.100823"},{"key":"ref4","volume-title":"","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e37980"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2024.3449642"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"1","article-title":"The power sectors high-stakes battle for cyber-resiliency","author":"Patel","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIA.2024.3439252"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tej.2022.107224"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s21186225"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tpel.2023.3342842"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tste.2024.3424242"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/en16124573"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tem.2024.3365771"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tem.2018.2798408"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17775\/CSEEJPES.2022.06610"},{"key":"ref17","article-title":"IEC 61850 Improved Security with TLS","author":"Zillgith","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10668-024-05929-z"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/systems12050165"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s23084060"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4236\/jcc.2021.98006"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10207-023-00811-x"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2019.2920682"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-62238-5_4"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tem.2024.3358717"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tem.1982.6448550"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tem.2019.2909909"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2023.121297"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tem.2022.3207375"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnucene.2023.104738"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcip.2024.100677"},{"key":"ref32","article-title":"Cyber threat and vulnerability analysis of the U.S. electric sector","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref33","article-title":"Domestic manufacturing capacity & potential cyber security challenges in the wind sector and way forward","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.36874\/riesw.2020.1.8"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.32604\/cmc.2023.039461"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09720510.2020.1724625"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref37","first-page":"250","article-title":"Economic impacts of cyber security in energy sector: A review","volume":"7","author":"Venkatachary","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Energy Econ. Policy"},{"key":"ref38","article-title":"Study on cybersecurity in the energy sector of the energy community","year":"2019","journal-title":""},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tem.2022.3159113"},{"key":"ref40","article-title":"A review of blockchain-based Smart grid: Applications, opportunities, and future directions","author":"Ullah","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2018.2806303"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/rweek.2017.8088642"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2021.3058403"},{"key":"ref44","volume-title":"Substation Automation - The New Digital Substation","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref45","article-title":"RELION$^{\\unicode{x25EF} \\!\\!\\!\\! {\\hbox{R}}}$ PROTECTION AND CONTROL REX640 IEC 60870-5-104 Communication Protocol Manual","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref46","volume-title":"Increased Productivity with PROFINET","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fenrg.2022.774645"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tem.2024.3366973"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tem.2024.3352819"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tem.2023.3319273"},{"key":"ref51","first-page":"18","article-title":"Cybersecurity for critical infrastructures in the EU: National policies, public-private cooperation and protection","volume":"4","author":"Luiijf","year":"2015","journal-title":"Glob. Forum Crit. Inf. Infrastructure Protection"},{"key":"ref52","volume-title":"Industrial Network Security: Securing Critical Infrastructure Networks for Smart Grid, SCADA, and Other Industrial Control Systems","author":"Knapp","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cose.2011.08.004"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/indin.2013.6622964"},{"key":"ref55","article-title":"Power plant cybersecurity in A globally connected world","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref56","article-title":"Cyber security for renewable energy systems","author":"Dasgupta","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref57","article-title":"The greatest cybersecurity risk for the energy sector","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tii.2023.3313526"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02646811.2018.1516362"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/info15120764"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcp3040031"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2172\/1782667"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/17\/10821517\/11072229.pdf?arnumber=11072229","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,13]],"date-time":"2025-08-13T05:18:40Z","timestamp":1755062320000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11072229\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"references-count":62,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tem.2025.3586557","relation":{},"ISSN":["0018-9391","1558-0040"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0018-9391","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-0040","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}}}