{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T20:10:08Z","timestamp":1788811808440,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science Foundation","award":["PFI-2431990"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PFI-2431990"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Emerg. Topics Comput."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tetc.2026.3713256","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T20:20:55Z","timestamp":1784578855000},"page":"1226-1240","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Bit-ViP: Leveraging Bit-Planes to Preserve Visual Privacy in Images Through Obfuscation"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4802-7582","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vishesh Kumar","family":"Tanwar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Missouri University of Science and Technology","place":["Rolla, MO, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1424-1361","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashish","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BITS Pilani Dubai Campus","place":["Dubai, UAE"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2768-3660","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sanjay","family":"Madria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Missouri University of Science and Technology","place":["Rolla, MO, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9471-0868","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sajal K.","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Missouri University of Science and Technology","place":["Rolla, MO, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3491101.3519645"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-55415-5_14"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpdc.2021.02.022"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3542953"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2810103.2813603"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IROS40897.2019.8967681"},{"key":"ref7","article-title":"DeepBlur: A simple and effective method for natural image obfuscation","author":"Li","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2020.113349"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12652-020-02399-9"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optlaseng.2021.106782"},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"201","article-title":"CryptoNets: Applying neural networks to encrypted data with high throughput and accuracy","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Mach. Learn.","author":"Gilad-Bachrach","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"4961","article-title":"CrypTen: Secure multi-party computation meets machine learning","volume-title":"Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","volume":"34","author":"Knott","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnca.2018.02.006"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cose.2020.101951"},{"key":"ref15","first-page":"29898","article-title":"Gradient inversion with generative image prior","volume-title":"Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","volume":"34","author":"Jeon","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref16","article-title":"UCF101: A dataset of 101 human actions classes from videos in the wild","author":"Soomro","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2011.6126543"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDEW58674.2023.00027"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-01231-1_14"},{"key":"ref20","article-title":"Privacy-preserving action recognition for smart hospitals using low-resolution depth images","author":"Chou","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2020.3026709"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11263-023-01771-4"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCVW.2019.00125"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2025.3607640"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-95729-6_10"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-020-05426-0"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsp.2021.103103"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1561\/0400000042"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR42600.2020.00251"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.2970806"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optcom.2011.08.013"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2009.07.007"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2010.11.009"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1137\/0614076"},{"key":"ref35","article-title":"DP-image: Differential privacy for image data in feature space","author":"Liu","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSE.2022.3144699"},{"key":"ref37","article-title":"Differentially private image classification from features","author":"Mehta","year":"2023","journal-title":"Trans. Mach. Learn. Res."},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3341105.3373942"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v32i1.12299"},{"key":"ref40","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Modern Image Quality Assessment (Synthesis Lectures on Image, Video, and Multimedia Processing)","volume":"2","author":"Wang","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11432-019-2757-1"},{"key":"ref42","first-page":"16937","article-title":"Inverting gradients-how easy is it to break privacy in federated learning","volume-title":"Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","volume":"33","author":"Geiping","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52688.2022.01953"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2020.09.055"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chaos.2003.12.022"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/ielam\/6245516\/11679563\/11614697-aam.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/6245516\/11679563\/11614697.pdf?arnumber=11614697","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T19:18:03Z","timestamp":1788808683000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11614697\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tetc.2026.3713256","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-6750","2376-4562"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-6750","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2376-4562","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}}}