{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T16:37:00Z","timestamp":1773247020167,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,1]],"date-time":"2012-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1343779200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Evol. Computat."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,8]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tevc.2011.2169966","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,10]],"date-time":"2012-02-10T19:25:48Z","timestamp":1328901948000},"page":"556-577","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":161,"title":["A General Framework of Multipopulation Methods With Clustering in Undetectable Dynamic Environments"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Changhe","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Shengxiang","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2008.2009031"},{"key":"ref72","author":"van den bergh","year":"2002","journal-title":"An analysis of particle swarm optimizers"},{"key":"ref71","first-page":"19","article-title":"Multinational gas: Multimodal optimization techniques in dynamic environments","author":"ursem","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc Genetic Evol Comput Conf"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1068009.1068109"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1007\/11732242_76","article-title":"Associative memory scheme for genetic algorithms in dynamic environments","author":"yang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc EvoWorkshops Appl Evol Comput"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/evco.2008.16.3.385"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/4235.585889"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-89694-4_40","article-title":"A generalized approach to construct benchmark problems for dynamic optimization","author":"li","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc 5th Intl Conf Simulated Evolution and Learning"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICEC.1998.699146"},{"key":"ref38","first-page":"624","article-title":"Fast multiswarm optimization for dynamic optimization problems","volume":"7","author":"li","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc 4th Int Conf Natural Comput"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2010.2046667"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CEC.2009.4983011"},{"key":"ref33","first-page":"1507","article-title":"Stereotyping: Improving particle swarm performance with cluster analysis","author":"kennedy","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc Congr Evol Comput"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICEC.1997.592326"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-24777-7"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0377-2217(92)90360-L"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1007\/11903697_31","article-title":"A new approach to solving dynamic traveling salesman problem","author":"li","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc 5th Intl Conf Simulated Evolution and Learning"},{"key":"ref36","author":"li","year":"2011","journal-title":"Particle swarm optimization in stationary and dynamic environments"},{"key":"ref35","author":"klein","year":"1999","journal-title":"Project Scheduling Under Resource Constraints"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICNN.1995.488968"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CEC.2002.1006261"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11047-009-9170-8"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00291-006-0074-z"},{"key":"ref63","first-page":"306","article-title":"Evolutionary algorithms for dynamic environments: Prediction using linear regression and Markov chains","author":"simoes","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc Parallel Problem Solving from Nature"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02289588"},{"key":"ref64","author":"spears","year":"2000","journal-title":"Evolutionary Algorithms The role of mutation and recombination"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2005.846356"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008202821328"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/4235.910466"},{"key":"ref29","first-page":"363","article-title":"A hibernating multiswarm optimization algorithm for dynamic environments","author":"kamosi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc World Congr NaBIC"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SNPD.2007.464"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CEC.2004.1331058"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-49774-5_16"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0045-7825(99)00386-2"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/4235.985690"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MHS.1995.494215"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/70.880813"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-45157-0_3"},{"key":"ref24","first-page":"78","article-title":"Combined automatic and interactive timetabling using constraint logic programming","author":"goltz","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc 2nd Int Conf Pract Theory Automated Timetabling"},{"key":"ref23","author":"goldberg","year":"2002","journal-title":"The Design of Innovation Lessons from and for Competent Genetic Algorithms"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0377-2217(91)90321-L"},{"key":"ref25","first-page":"137","article-title":"Genetic algorithms for changing environments","author":"grefenstette","year":"1992","journal-title":"Proc 2nd Int Conf Parallel Problem Solving From Nature"},{"key":"ref50","first-page":"513","article-title":"Adaptation to a changing environment by means of the thermodynamical genetic algorithm","author":"mori","year":"1996","journal-title":"Proc 4th PPSN"},{"key":"ref51","first-page":"2047","article-title":"A test problem generator for nonstationary environments","author":"morrison","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc Congr Evol Comput"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10951-010-0171-3"},{"key":"ref58","first-page":"318","article-title":"A partial order approach to noisy fitness functions","volume":"1","author":"rudolph","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proc Congr Evol Comput"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CEC.2009.4983135"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11721-007-0002-0"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2008\/482032"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2005.859468"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CEC.2004.1330843"},{"key":"ref52","first-page":"1025","article-title":"Triggered hyper mutation revisited","author":"morrison","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc Congr Evol Comput"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4471-0519-0_24"},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"692","article-title":"A niching particle swarm optimizer","volume":"2","author":"brits","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc 4th Asia-Pac Conf Simul Evol Learning"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CEC.2009.4982979"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSMC.2002.1176019"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1016\/S1574-6526(06)80025-8","author":"brown","year":"2006","journal-title":"Handbook of Constraint Programming"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CEC.2005.1554987"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08886504.1994.10782112"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2007.913070"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICEC.1997.592336"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00500-004-0422-3"},{"key":"ref17","first-page":"267","article-title":"Two-human CardiffGA: A new multiple population genetic algorithm","volume":"1","author":"chen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Comput Autom Eng"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TRO.2005.844684"},{"key":"ref18","first-page":"523","article-title":"Genetic algorithms for tracking changing environments","author":"cobb","year":"1993","journal-title":"Proc 7th Int Conf Genetic Algorithms"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/72.572107"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CEC.2010.5586051"},{"key":"ref80","first-page":"3185","article-title":"Hyper-selection in dynamic environments","author":"yang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc Congr Evol Comput"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CEC.2007.4424524"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1143997.1143999"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2005.857074"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-24653-4_50","article-title":"Multiswarm optimization in dynamic environments","author":"blackwell","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc EvoWorkshops Appl Evol Comput"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01257995"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2005.857695"},{"key":"ref49","first-page":"2808","article-title":"DynDE: A differential evolution for dynamic optimization problems","author":"mendes","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Congr Evol Comput"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CEC.1999.785502"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CEC.2007.4424520"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCB.2010.2043527"},{"key":"ref48","first-page":"101","article-title":"Classic and heuristic approaches in robot motion planning: A chronological review","volume":"23","author":"masehian","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc World Acad Sci Eng Technol"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11047-009-9129-9"},{"key":"ref42","first-page":"475","article-title":"Present state and future development of mobile robot technology research","volume":"24","author":"li","year":"2002","journal-title":"Robot"},{"key":"ref41","author":"li","year":"2009","journal-title":"Benchmark generator for CEC'2009 competition on dynamic optimization"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engappai.2010.01.007"},{"key":"ref43","first-page":"105","article-title":"Adaptively choosing neighborhood bests using species in a particle swarm optimizer for multimodal function optimization","author":"li","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc Genet Evol Comput Conf"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx5\/4235\/6249762\/06151109.pdf?arnumber=6151109","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,10]],"date-time":"2021-10-10T23:47:14Z","timestamp":1633909634000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/6151109\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,8]]},"references-count":84,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tevc.2011.2169966","relation":{},"ISSN":["1089-778X","1089-778X","1941-0026"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1089-778X","type":"print"},{"value":"1089-778X","type":"print"},{"value":"1941-0026","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,8]]}}}