{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T20:49:39Z","timestamp":1780433379992,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,1]],"date-time":"2016-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1459468800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008579","name":"Liikesivistysrahasto","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008579","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Helsinki School of Economics Foundation"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002341","name":"Academy of Finland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["253583"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["253583"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002341","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009450","name":"KAUTE Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009450","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Evol. Computat."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,4]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tevc.2015.2443057","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,9]],"date-time":"2015-06-09T18:41:56Z","timestamp":1433875316000},"page":"199-217","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Solving Bilevel Multicriterion Optimization Problems With Lower Level Decision Uncertainty"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Ankur","family":"Sinha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pekka","family":"Malo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kalyanmoy","family":"Deb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pekka","family":"Korhonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jyrki","family":"Wallenius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CEC.2014.6900391"},{"key":"ref38","article-title":"Efficient evolutionary algorithm for single-objective bilevel optimization","author":"sinha","year":"2013","journal-title":"arXiv preprint arXiv 1303 3901"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/opre.43.2.208"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1051\/ro\/1994280100011","article-title":"Genetic algorithm based approach to bi-level linear programming","volume":"28","author":"mathieu","year":"1994","journal-title":"Oper Res"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02331938708843300"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0114(95)00086-0"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-19893-9_19"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mcda.285"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0114(01)00042-2"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/opre.1120.1123"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2011.12.040"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/opre.1070.0431"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.44.12.1608"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/inte.2013.0700"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMC.1981.4308712","article-title":"Hierarchical decentralized systems and its new solution by a barrier method","volume":"11","author":"aiyoshi","year":"1981","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern"},{"key":"ref20","article-title":"The subdifferential of the optimal solution in parametric optimization","author":"dempe","year":"1997"},{"key":"ref22","article-title":"Solving nonlinear multiobjective bilevel optimization problems with coupled upper level constraints","author":"eichfelder","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-87821-8","author":"dontchev","year":"2009","journal-title":"Implicit functions and solution mappings A view from variational analysis"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10957-012-0046-1"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10107-008-0259-0"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001580050149"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CEC.2006.1688451"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)0733-947X(2000)126:2(115)"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2007.01.003"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/opre.1080.0643"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1137\/0914049","article-title":"Generating linear and linear-quadratic bilevel programming problems","volume":"14","author":"calamai","year":"1992","journal-title":"SIAM J Sci Comput"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/EVCO_a_00116"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apm.2013.02.012"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1937-5956.2009.01035.x"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10479-007-0176-2"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1090\/S0002-9939-1985-0770557-1"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0045-7825(99)00389-8"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CEC.2009.4983076"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/EVCO_a_00015"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02331930600816189"},{"key":"ref4","author":"bank","year":"1983","journal-title":"Non-Linear Parametric Optimization"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/opre.1100.0828"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/opre.1120.1112"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0305-0548(82)90007-7"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/opre.1080.0617"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/opre.21.1.37"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/moor.1100.0480"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/opre.1050.0231"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01096458"},{"key":"ref45","author":"von stackelberg","year":"1952","journal-title":"The Theory of the Market Economy"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.1110.1326"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/opre.1090.0695"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CEC.2015.7257085"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-15934-8_29"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cor.2013.07.010"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CEC.2013.6557607"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/4235\/7442915\/7120105.pdf?arnumber=7120105","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,11]],"date-time":"2021-10-11T02:34:14Z","timestamp":1633919654000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/7120105\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,4]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tevc.2015.2443057","relation":{},"ISSN":["1089-778X","1089-778X","1941-0026"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1089-778X","type":"print"},{"value":"1089-778X","type":"print"},{"value":"1941-0026","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,4]]}}}