{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]],"date-time":"2026-03-21T19:34:57Z","timestamp":1774121697107,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690848000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"funder":[{"name":"Research Institute of Trustworthy Autonomous Systems"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory","award":["2020B121201001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020B121201001"]}]},{"name":"Program for Guangdong Introducing Innovative and Enterpreneurial Teams","award":["2017ZT07X386"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017ZT07X386"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021171","name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021A1515011830"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021A1515011830"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021171","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61906083"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61906083"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Evol. Computat."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tevc.2022.3209544","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,26]],"date-time":"2022-09-26T20:46:14Z","timestamp":1664225174000},"page":"848-862","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Mitigating Unfairness via Evolutionary Multiobjective Ensemble Learning"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7715-4639","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qingquan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Trustworthy Autonomous System, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7047-8454","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jialin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Trustworthy Autonomous System, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain-Inspired Intelligent Computation, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China"}]},{"given":"Zeqi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Trustworthiness Theory Research Center, Huawei Technologies Company Ltd., Shenzhen, China"}]},{"given":"Junyi","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Trustworthiness Theory Research Center, Huawei Technologies Company Ltd., Shenzhen, China"}]},{"given":"Bifei","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Trustworthiness Theory Research Center, Huawei Technologies Company Ltd., Shenzhen, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8837-4442","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xin","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Trustworthy Autonomous System, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain-Inspired Intelligent Computation, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-86380-7_10"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11591\/ijeecs.v9.i2.pp447-459"},{"key":"ref12","article-title":"Multi-FR: A multi-objective optimization method for achieving two-sided fairness in E-commerce recommendation","author":"wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"arXiv 2105 02951"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCI.2019.2919398"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10287-022-00425-z"},{"key":"ref59","author":"dua","year":"2017","journal-title":"UCI Machine Learning Repository"},{"key":"ref14","first-page":"600","article-title":"Addressing fairness in classification with a model-agnostic multi-objective algorithm","author":"padh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Proc Uncertainty Artif Intell"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12911-020-1023-5"},{"key":"ref53","first-page":"249","article-title":"Understanding the difficulty of training deep feedforward neural networks","author":"glorot","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc 13th Int Conf Artif Intell Stat"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10115-011-0463-8"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3219819.3220046"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2020.3013290"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3038912.3052660"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3300148"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3306618.3314289"},{"key":"ref16","article-title":"On the choice of fairness: Finding representative fairness metrics for a given context","author":"anahideh","year":"2021","journal-title":"arXiv 2109 05697"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3287560.3287586"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3494672"},{"key":"ref51","first-page":"962","article-title":"Fairness constraints: Mechanisms for fair classification","author":"zafar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc Artif Intell Stat"},{"key":"ref50","author":"kohavi","year":"1998","journal-title":"Uci machine learning repository Adult data set"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IC4.2009.4909197"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3287560.3287592"},{"key":"ref48","first-page":"367","article-title":"A systemic analysis of affirmative action in American law schools","volume":"57","author":"sander","year":"2004","journal-title":"Stanford Law Rev"},{"key":"ref47","author":"larson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Data and analysis for ‘how we analyzed the compas recidivism algorithm"},{"key":"ref42","first-page":"525","article-title":"Multi-task learning as multi-objective optimization","author":"sener","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc 32nd Int Conf Neural Inf Process Syst"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2014.2350987"},{"key":"ref44","first-page":"5","article-title":"Using data mining to predict secondary school student performance","author":"cortez","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc 5th Annu Future Bus Technol Conf"},{"key":"ref43","article-title":"Algorithmic fairness","author":"pessach","year":"2020","journal-title":"arXiv 2001 09784"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2007.12.020"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3278721.3278722"},{"key":"ref7","article-title":"A convex framework for fair regression","author":"berk","year":"2017","journal-title":"arXiv 1706 02409"},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"2879","article-title":"Stable and fair classification","author":"huang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Mach Learn"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3457607"},{"key":"ref3","article-title":"An overview of artificial intelligence ethics","author":"huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Artif Intell"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3287560.3287589"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3194770.3194776"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2014.2378512"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/4235.873238"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2016.2549267"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2018.2789422"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2522920.2522928"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10852-005-9020-3"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2792984"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2017.02.008"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2010.26"},{"key":"ref2","article-title":"Fairness in machine learning: A survey","author":"caton","year":"2020","journal-title":"arXiv 2010 04053"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3287560.3287600"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2499393.2499396"},{"key":"ref38","article-title":"An overview of gradient descent optimization algorithms","author":"ruder","year":"2016","journal-title":"arXiv 1609 04747"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2938765"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2017.03.061"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11704-020-0431-0"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v35i17.17737"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCB.2012.2187280"},{"key":"ref23","first-page":"4069","article-title":"Counterfactual fairness","author":"kusner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc 31st Int Conf Neural Inf Process Syst"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2621.2011.02818.x"},{"key":"ref26","article-title":"On fairness, diversity and randomness in algorithmic decision making","author":"grgi?-hla?a","year":"2017","journal-title":"arXiv 1706 10208"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BigData47090.2019.9006487"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/5901087"},{"key":"ref20","first-page":"2423","article-title":"Satisfying real-world goals with dataset constraints","author":"goh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc 30th Int Conf Neural Inf Process Syst"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/3477.678637"},{"key":"ref63","author":"sadikin","year":"2020","journal-title":"EHR Dataset for patient treatment classification"},{"key":"ref22","first-page":"1","article-title":"Decision making with limited feedback: Error bounds for predictive policing and recidivism prediction","volume":"83","author":"ensign","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc Algorithmic Learn Theory"},{"key":"ref66","first-page":"51","article-title":"A balancing act-optimizing a products properties","volume":"27","author":"derringer","year":"1994","journal-title":"Qual Prog"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3278721.3278779"},{"key":"ref65","first-page":"2825","article-title":"Scikit-learn: Machine learning in Python","volume":"12","author":"pedregosa","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Mach Learn Res"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/72.572107"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICAPAI49758.2021.9462068"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/5.784219"},{"key":"ref60","first-page":"196","article-title":"Classification, clustering and association rule mining in educational datasets using data mining tools: A case study","author":"hussain","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc Comput Sci On-Line Conf"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-55723-6_18"},{"key":"ref61","article-title":"IBM employee attrition analysis","author":"yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"arXiv 2012 01286"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/4235\/10198499\/09902997.pdf?arnumber=9902997","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,21]],"date-time":"2023-08-21T17:54:13Z","timestamp":1692640453000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/9902997\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"references-count":72,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tevc.2022.3209544","relation":{},"ISSN":["1089-778X","1089-778X","1941-0026"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1089-778X","type":"print"},{"value":"1089-778X","type":"print"},{"value":"1941-0026","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]}}}