{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T21:04:06Z","timestamp":1780434246692,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000192","name":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000192","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000190","name":"U.S. Department of Commerce","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NA18NOS4000198"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA18NOS4000198"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000190","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2112631"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2112631"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tgrs.2023.3251187","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T13:24:44Z","timestamp":1677677084000},"page":"1-12","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Classification of Terrestrial Lidar Data Directly From Digitized Echo Waveforms"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1427-6265","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad","family":"Pashaei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Conrad Blucher Institute for Surveying and Science, Texas A&#x0026;M University-Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7996-0594","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael J.","family":"Starek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computing Sciences, Conrad Blucher Institute for Surveying and Science, Texas A&#x0026;M University-Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1570-0889","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Craig L.","family":"Glennie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacob","family":"Berryhill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Conrad Blucher Institute for Surveying and Science, Texas A&#x0026;M University-Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/rs11182154"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/rs2112629"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/cgj-2014-0051"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2008.09.007"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref5","first-page":"2","article-title":"LITEMAPPER-5600\u2014A waveform-digitizing LIDAR terrain and vegetation mapping system","volume":"36","author":"Hug","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int. Arch. Photogramm., Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci."},{"key":"ref6","volume-title":"From Singlepulse to Full-Waveform Airborne Laser Scanners: Potential and Practical Challenges","volume":"35","author":"Wagner","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2005.12.001"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2010.05.002"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2010.06.007"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2009.04.002"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/isprsarchives-XXXIX-B7-511-2012"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"227","article-title":"Full-waveform analysis of small footprint airborne laser scanning data in the bavarian forest national park for tree species classification","volume":"218","author":"Reitberger","year":"2006","journal-title":"3D Remote Sens. Forestry"},{"key":"ref13","first-page":"258","article-title":"Waveform features for tree identification","volume-title":"Proc. ISPRS Workshop Laser Scanning SilviLaser","author":"Litkey"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W7-263-2017"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2017.04.025"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foreco.2020.118268"},{"key":"ref17","first-page":"1","article-title":"Terrestrial waveform laser scanning for documentation of cultural heritage","volume-title":"Proc. 22nd CIPA Symp.","author":"Doneus"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jas.2007.06.013"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/hess-13-1531-2009"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref20","first-page":"W49A","article-title":"Segmentation of tree regions using data of a full-waveform laser","volume":"36","author":"Gross","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. Arch. Photogramm., Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci."},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jag.2010.09.010"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.3229944"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01431160701736448"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s8084505"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01431160701736398"},{"issue":"B1","key":"ref26","first-page":"163","article-title":"Radiometric calibration of full-waveform small-footprint airborne laser scanners","volume":"37","author":"Wagner","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. Arch. Photogramm., Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci."},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/12.781086"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/12.849641"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2011.09.008"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2013.05.002"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2011.12.003"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/f7090198"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2010.08.007"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/12.2015733"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/12.898490"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TGRS.2014.2320134"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TGRS.2021.3132356"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref38","first-page":"W49A","article-title":"Detection of weak laser pulses by full waveform stacking","volume":"36","author":"Stilla","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. Arch. Photogramm., Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci."},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01431160903380599"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2006.09.001"},{"key":"ref41","first-page":"102","article-title":"Processing full-waveform LIDAR data: Modelling raw signals","volume-title":"Proc. ISPRS Workshop Laser Scanning SilviLaser","author":"Chauve"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14358\/pers.77.8.825"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7494\/geom.2014.8.1.61"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref44","first-page":"224","article-title":"Integration of full-waveform information into the airborne laser scanning data filtering process","volume":"36","author":"Lin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. Arch. Photogramm., Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci."},{"key":"ref45","first-page":"217","article-title":"Echo digitization and waveform analysis in airborne and terrestrial laser scanning","volume-title":"Photogrammetric Week","volume":"11","author":"Ullrich","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/12.2052994"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/neco_a_00990"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TGRS.2019.2919472"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2880083"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/ielam\/36\/10006360\/10057077-aam.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/36\/10006360\/10057077.pdf?arnumber=10057077","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T20:06:04Z","timestamp":1780430764000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/10057077\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"references-count":49,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tgrs.2023.3251187","relation":{},"ISSN":["0196-2892","1558-0644"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0196-2892","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-0644","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023]]}}}