{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,13]],"date-time":"2026-06-13T23:50:26Z","timestamp":1781394626534,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,1]],"date-time":"2016-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1480550400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea through the Korean Government","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2015R1A2A1A05001867"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2015R1A2A1A05001867"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"Bundes Ministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["01GQ0850"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01GQ0850"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans.Inform.Forensic Secur."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tifs.2016.2577551","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,7]],"date-time":"2016-06-07T18:05:49Z","timestamp":1465322749000},"page":"2635-2647","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":158,"title":["A High-Security EEG-Based Login System with RSVP Stimuli and Dry Electrodes"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Yiyu","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayalneh Dessalegn","family":"Atnafu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabella","family":"Schlattner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wendimagegn Tariku","family":"Weldtsadik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myung-Cheol","family":"Roh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyoung Joong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seong-Whan","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Blankertz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siamac","family":"Fazli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref73","author":"jain","year":"2003","journal-title":"Handbook of Fingerprint Recognition"},{"key":"ref72","article-title":"Methods and systems for graphical image authentication","author":"osborn","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10207-013-0216-7"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1280680.1280683"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2007.08.005"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-44887-X_93"},{"key":"ref74","first-page":"166","article-title":"A prototype hand geometry-based verification system","author":"ross","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proceedings of Audio and Video-based Biometric Person Authentication"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0278-7393.6.2.174"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/34.879796"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1068\/p5117"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.1991.139758"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/954339.954342"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1744-9081-6-28"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2007.04.019","article-title":"Updating P300: An integrative theory of P3a and P3b","volume":"118","author":"polich","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.03.022"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/NER.2011.5910581"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2010.00198"},{"key":"ref36","first-page":"91","article-title":"Rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP): A method for studying language processing","volume":"118","author":"potter","year":"1984","journal-title":"New Methods in Reading Comprehension Research"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2012.12.050"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0009813"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0068244"},{"key":"ref62","first-page":"1","article-title":"The design and analysis of graphical passwords","author":"jermyn","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc Usenix Security"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5371(67)80067-7"},{"key":"ref63","article-title":"Graphical password","author":"blonder","year":"1996"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2015.2471183"},{"key":"ref64","first-page":"472","article-title":"Graphical passwords: A survey","author":"suo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc 21st Annu Comput Secur Appl Conf"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-54707-2_5"},{"key":"ref65","article-title":"A design and analysis of graphical password","author":"suo","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref66","first-page":"2002","article-title":"Graphical passwords","volume":"4","author":"sobrado","year":"2002","journal-title":"The Rutgers Scholar An Electronic Bulletin for Undergraduate Research"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep16743"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1133265.1133303"},{"key":"ref68","author":"jain","year":"1999","journal-title":"Biometrics Personal Identification in Networked Society"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSVT.2003.818349"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/el:20021104"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.6028\/NIST.SP.800-63-2","article-title":"Electronic authentication guideline","author":"burr","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BTAS.2010.5634515"},{"key":"ref22","first-page":"745","article-title":"Some new electrode techniques for long-term physiologic monitoring","volume":"39","author":"richardson","year":"1968","journal-title":"Aerosp Med"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2014.2308640"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0000637"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.1971.4502833"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1424875112"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2560\/8\/2\/025008"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/234313.234412"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2014.08.024"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2015.02.015"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0033758"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.03.061"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2333112.2333114"},{"key":"ref58","first-page":"575","article-title":"Password portfolios and the finite-effort user: Sustainably managing large numbers of accounts","author":"flor\u00eancio","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc Usenix Security"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalgor.2003.12.001"},{"key":"ref56","first-page":"1","article-title":"Popularity is everything: A new approach to protecting passwords from statistical-guessing attacks","author":"schechter","year":"2010","journal-title":"5th USENIX Conference on Hot Topics in Security"},{"key":"ref55","first-page":"591","article-title":"Telepathwords: Preventing weak passwords by reading users’ minds","author":"komanduri","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc 23rd USENIX Secur Symp"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2187836.2187878"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11113\/jt.v72.3941"},{"key":"ref52","first-page":"396","article-title":"Towards identifying usability and security features of graphical password in knowledge based authentication technique","author":"hafiz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc of 2nd Asia Int Conf on Modeling and Simulation"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01797193"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.161.3843.784"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1214\/aoms\/1177728730"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.929199"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(93)90181-J"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.13.5951"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.12.5675"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2560\/10\/3\/036025"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.jhered.a105509","article-title":"The brain-wave pattern, an hereditary trait: Evidence from 74 normal pairs of twins","volume":"36","author":"lennox","year":"1945","journal-title":"J Heredity"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/581271.581272"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICECS.1999.812278"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2015.2425807"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CCECE.2001.933649"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/2326263X.2015.1060819"},{"key":"ref19","first-page":"1","article-title":"Multitask learning for EEG-based biometrics","author":"sun","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Pattern Recognit (ICPR)"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/266420.266434"},{"key":"ref89","first-page":"17","article-title":"Multitask learning for brain-computer interfaces","author":"alamgir","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc JMLR"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2007.1012"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1146269.1146282"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-41320-9_1"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2007.1013"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2015.2413993"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2014.2317881"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0002967"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2012.10.023"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patrec.2005.10.010"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2015.2481870"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2009.06.003"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2638728.2641710"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.06.048"},{"key":"ref45","first-page":"197","article-title":"Inadmissibility of the usual estimator for the mean of a multivariate normal distribution","volume":"1","author":"stein","year":"1956","journal-title":"Proc Berkeley Symp on Math Statist and Prob"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.11.004"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2202\/1544-6115.1175"},{"key":"ref42","first-page":"3","article-title":"Teoria statistica delle classi e calcolo delle probabilità","volume":"8","author":"bonferroni","year":"1936","journal-title":"Pubblicazioni del R Istituto Superiore di Scienze Economiche e Commerciali di Firenze"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1953.tb00135.x","article-title":"New light on the correlation coefficient and its transforms","volume":"15","author":"hotelling","year":"1953","journal-title":"J Roy Statist Soc Ser B (Methodological)"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2289860"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-1809.1936.tb02137.x"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/10206\/7570366\/07486116.pdf?arnumber=7486116","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,17]],"date-time":"2024-06-17T11:58:10Z","timestamp":1718625490000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/7486116\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"references-count":92,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tifs.2016.2577551","relation":{},"ISSN":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1556-6013","type":"print"},{"value":"1556-6021","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]}}}