{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,10]],"date-time":"2026-01-10T07:20:44Z","timestamp":1768029644192,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,1]],"date-time":"2019-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1572566400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,1]],"date-time":"2019-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1572566400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,1]],"date-time":"2019-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1572566400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61702399"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61702399"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61772291"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61772291"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006606","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["17JCZDJC30500"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17JCZDJC30500"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006606","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans.Inform.Forensic Secur."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tifs.2019.2908071","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,29]],"date-time":"2019-03-29T18:41:10Z","timestamp":1553884870000},"page":"2859-2874","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Xmark: Dynamic Software Watermarking Using Collatz Conjecture"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8153-1406","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haoyu","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5588-9690","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chunfu","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Shijia","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0925-4624","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wantong","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0741-5511","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dinghao","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-4048(87)90122-2"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DSN.2001.941405"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-77535-5_5","article-title":"Information hiding in software with mixed Boolean-arithmetic transforms","author":"zhou","year":"2007","journal-title":"Information Security Applications"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1090\/mbk\/078","author":"lagarias","year":"2010","journal-title":"The Ultimate Challenge The $3\\times 1$ Problem"},{"key":"ref31","first-page":"210","article-title":"Linear obfuscation to combat symbolic execution","author":"wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc 16th Eur Symp Res Comput Secur"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s41635-017-0013-2"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TDSC.2008.74"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DSN.2007.77"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-35691-4_40"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/ffta.2000.0282"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1007\/11784180_9","article-title":"Opaque predicates detection by abstract interpretation","author":"preda","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc Conf Algebraic Methodology and Software Technology"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/11922841_23"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2810103.2813617"},{"key":"ref2","article-title":"Concepts and techniques in software watermarking and obfuscation","author":"zhu","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref1","year":"2018","journal-title":"Software management Security imperative business opportunity"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ITCS.2009.295"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2484313.2484315"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ASEA.2008.57"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1145\/2714576.2714582","article-title":"Software watermarking using return-oriented programming","author":"ma","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc 10th ACM Symp Inf Comput Commun Secur"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2642937.2642977"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1102546.1102560"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2016.2555287"},{"key":"ref50","year":"2011","journal-title":"SPEC CPU2006 Run and Reporting Rules"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1161366.1161398"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SNPD.2008.137"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-68671-1_6"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISCSCT.2008.231"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WorldCIS17046.2011.5749891"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/292540.292569"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/996841.996856"},{"key":"ref16","first-page":"208","article-title":"Threading software watermarks","author":"nagra","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc 6th Int Workshop Inf Hiding"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/11558859_25"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10660-006-6955-z"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1286821.1286826"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s41403-018-0058-8"},{"key":"ref3","author":"collberg","year":"2009","journal-title":"Surreptitious Software Obfuscation Watermarking and Tamperproofing for Software Protection Obfuscation Watermarking and Tamperproofing for Software Protection"},{"key":"ref6","first-page":"157","article-title":"A graph theoretic approach to software watermarking","author":"venkatesan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proc 4th Int Workshop Inf Hiding"},{"key":"ref5","article-title":"Method and system for generating and auditing a signature for a computer program","author":"davidson","year":"1996"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"187","article-title":"Hydan: Hiding information in program binaries","author":"el-khalil","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Inf Commun Secur"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"102","article-title":"A method for watermarking java programs via opaque predicates","author":"arboit","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc 5th Int Conf Electron Commerce Res"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SP.2016.17"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JCS-2005-13503"},{"key":"ref46","first-page":"323","article-title":"Generalized dynamic opaque predicates: A new control flow obfuscation method","author":"xu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc Intl Conf Info Sec"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4108\/eai.5-10-2015.150477"},{"key":"ref48","first-page":"161","article-title":"Structural comparison of executable objects","author":"flake","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc Int GI Workshop Detection Intrusions Malware Vulnerability Assessment"},{"key":"ref47","first-page":"3","article-title":"Graph-based comparison of executable objects (English version)","author":"dullien","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc Symp sur la Securite des Technol de l’Inf et des Commun"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2420950.2420997"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1866307.1866368"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1065010.1065034"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SPRO.2015.10"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/10206\/8747549\/08676372.pdf?arnumber=8676372","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,13]],"date-time":"2022-07-13T20:59:15Z","timestamp":1657745955000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/8676372\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tifs.2019.2908071","relation":{},"ISSN":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1556-6013","type":"print"},{"value":"1556-6021","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]}}}