{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,8]],"date-time":"2026-02-08T08:00:35Z","timestamp":1770537635249,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["2022YFB2701600"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFB2701600"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U21A20467"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U21A20467"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61932011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61932011"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62202027"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62202027"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U21B2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U21B2021"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U22B2008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U22B2008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61932014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61932014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by China Association for Science and Technology","award":["2022QNRC001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022QNRC001"]}]},{"name":"Beijing Natural Science Foundation","award":["M23016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M23016"]}]},{"name":"Yunnan Key Laboratory of Blockchain Application Technology Open Project","award":["202105AG070005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202105AG070005"]}]},{"name":"Yunnan Key Laboratory of Blockchain Application Technology Open Project","award":["YNB202206"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YNB202206"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans.Inform.Forensic Secur."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tifs.2024.3390584","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]],"date-time":"2024-04-17T17:24:57Z","timestamp":1713374697000},"page":"5060-5074","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Secret Multiple Leaders &amp; Committee Election With Application to Sharding Blockchain"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-0278-9514","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mingzhe","family":"Zhai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Cyber Science and Technology, Beihang University, Beijing, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6407-4194","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qianhong","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Cyber Science and Technology, Beihang University, Beijing, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6129-3260","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yizhong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Cyber Science and Technology, Beihang University, Beijing, China"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-7051-4195","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaopeng","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Cyber Science and Technology, Beihang University, Beijing, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5072-9398","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qiyuan","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Cyber Science and Technology, Beihang University, Beijing, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1562-5105","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Willy","family":"Susilo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computing and Information Technology, Institute of Cybersecurity and Cryptology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","volume-title":"Bitcoin: A peer-to-peer electronic cash system [EB\/OL]","author":"Nakamoto","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSC.2018.2853167"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDCSW56584.2022.00045"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPDS.2020.3044223"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3190508.3190538"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2976749.2978341"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14722\/ndss.2022.24370"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-78375-8_3"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-32101-7_2"},{"key":"ref10","first-page":"173","article-title":"Practical Byzantine fault tolerance","volume-title":"Proc. OSDI","author":"Castro"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3372297.3417262"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-18283-9_14"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3293611.3331591"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3583668.3594572"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-63688-7_12"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SFFCS.1999.814584"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3132747.3132757"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SP.2019.00063"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3419614.3423258"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3479722.3480996"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-31368-4_17"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3519270.3538424"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-17146-8_33"},{"key":"ref24","volume-title":"Sassafras and Semi-Anonymous Single Leader Election","author":"Burdges","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-49896-5_11"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-71677-8_13"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-28628-8_3"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3548606.3560646"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-48071-4_7"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-29485-8_7"},{"key":"ref31","volume-title":"RFP-006: Secret Single-Leader Election (SSLE)","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref32","volume-title":"Filecoin: A decentralized storage network [EB\/OL]","author":"Benet","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1137\/14095772X"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-96884-1_19"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1568318.1568324"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-29011-4_17"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-70697-9_4"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-24676-3_30"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3133956.3133979"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SP46215.2023.10179419"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SP46214.2022.9833580"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21236\/ADA465464"},{"key":"ref43","first-page":"1","article-title":"Making mix nets robust for electronic voting by randomized partial checking","volume-title":"Proc. 11th USENIX Security Symp.","author":"Jakobsson"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/22145.22178"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-76953-0_17"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-28628-8_4"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SP46214.2022.9833584"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-17373-8_11"},{"key":"ref49","volume-title":"Caulk-Crypto","author":"Khovratovich","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/322217.322225"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14722\/ndss.2019.23272"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14722\/ndss.2021.24164"},{"key":"ref53","first-page":"1","article-title":"Chainspace: A sharded smart contract platform","volume-title":"Proc. NDSS","author":"Sonnino"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3243734.3243853"},{"key":"ref55","volume-title":"CIRCOM: A Circuit Compiler for ZK-SNARKs","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref56","volume-title":"Zksnark Implementation in Javascript & Wasm","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref57","volume-title":"Bplib","author":"Danezis","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref58","volume-title":"Openpairing","author":"Aranha","year":"2016"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/10206\/10319981\/10504302.pdf?arnumber=10504302","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]],"date-time":"2024-05-10T17:23:58Z","timestamp":1715361838000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/10504302\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"references-count":58,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tifs.2024.3390584","relation":{},"ISSN":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1556-6013","type":"print"},{"value":"1556-6021","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}}}