{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T04:56:50Z","timestamp":1773377810113,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFB3103300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFB3103300"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans.Inform.Forensic Secur."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tifs.2026.3659046","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T20:58:37Z","timestamp":1769633917000},"page":"2549-2563","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Realhybrid: A Hybrid Blockchain Consensus With Node-Level Switching"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-7579-5404","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hao","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Security and Trusted Computing, Ministry of Education, School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7212-5297","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jing","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Security and Trusted Computing, Ministry of Education, School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"}]},{"given":"Junjie","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Security and Trusted Computing, Ministry of Education, School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3623-3490","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meng","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Security and Trusted Computing, Ministry of Education, School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3634-3385","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruiying","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Security and Trusted Computing, Ministry of Education, School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3472-419X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kun","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Security and Trusted Computing, Ministry of Education, School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-32101-7_20"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SP40000.2020.00044"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3293611.3331612"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3465084.3467899"},{"key":"ref5","first-page":"111","article-title":"How China detects and blocks shadowsocks","volume-title":"Proc. ACM Internet Meas. Conf.","author":"Beznazwy"},{"key":"ref6","first-page":"313","article-title":"Alea-BFT: Practical asynchronous Byzantine fault tolerance","volume-title":"Proc. 21st USENIX Symp. Networked Syst. Design Implement. (NSDI)","author":"Oliveira"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DSN58291.2024.00051"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-36030-6_6"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-92075-3_19"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-56880-1_25"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDCS51616.2021.00055"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"173","article-title":"Practical Byzantine fault tolerance","volume-title":"Proc. 3rd USENIX Symp. Operating Syst. Design Implement. (OSDI)","author":"Castro"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/INFOCOM48880.2022.9796857"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2022.102884"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TC.2024.3510620"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TC.2024.3461309"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3576915.3623101"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3492321.3519594"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3243734.3243812"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14722\/ndss.2022.24381"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3548606.3559379"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3465084.3467941"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3132747.3132757"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DSN.2019.00063"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14722\/ndss.2022.24385"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3372297.3417262"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-26948-7_18"},{"key":"ref28","article-title":"DFINITY technology overview series, consensus system","author":"Hanke","year":"2018","journal-title":"arXiv:1805.04548"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tsc.2025.3547222"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/11818175_27"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3465084.3467905"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SP.2018.000-5"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DSN58291.2024.00046"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3382734.3405707"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3548606.3559346"},{"key":"ref36","article-title":"Cobalt: BFT governance in open networks","author":"MacBrough","year":"2018","journal-title":"arXiv:1802.07240"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SFFCS.1999.814584"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2976749.2978399"},{"key":"ref39","first-page":"406","article-title":"Hybrid-BFT: Optimistically responsive synchronous consensus with optimal latency or resilience","volume":"2020","author":"Momose","year":"2020","journal-title":"IACR Cryptol. ePrint Arch."},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3460120.3484554"},{"key":"ref41","article-title":"Bitcoin: A peer-to-peer electronic cash system","author":"Nakamoto","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3637528.3671942"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/INFOCOM42981.2021.9488706"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2022.3223306"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3551349.3560504"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-78375-8_1"},{"key":"ref47","article-title":"Scalable and probabilistic leaderless BFT consensus through metastability","author":"Rocket","year":"2019","journal-title":"arXiv:1906.08936"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3372297.3417284"},{"key":"ref49","article-title":"In search for an optimal authenticated Byzantine agreement","volume-title":"Proc. 35th Int. Symp. Distrib. Comput. (DISC)","author":"Spiegelman"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3548606.3559361"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3419614.3423250"},{"key":"ref52","article-title":"Ethereum: A secure decentralised generalised transaction ledger","author":"Wood","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref53","first-page":"493","article-title":"DispersedLedger: High-throughput Byzantine consensus on variable bandwidth networks","volume-title":"Proc. USENIX Symp. Networked Syst. Design Implement. (NSDI)","author":"Yang"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3293611.3331591"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3243734.3243853"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SP46215.2023.10179435"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/10206\/11313711\/11367007.pdf?arnumber=11367007","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T20:35:14Z","timestamp":1773347714000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11367007\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":56,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tifs.2026.3659046","relation":{},"ISSN":["1556-6013","1556-6021"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1556-6013","type":"print"},{"value":"1556-6021","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}}}