{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,28]],"date-time":"2026-06-28T03:12:03Z","timestamp":1782616323343,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":194,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"name":"Youth Talent Program of Sci-Tech Think Tank of China","award":["XMSB20240711065"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XMSB20240711065"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61725501"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61725501"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tim.2025.3541703","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,13]],"date-time":"2025-02-13T13:35:16Z","timestamp":1739453716000},"page":"1-30","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Review of Autonomous Optical Navigation for Deep Space Exploration"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"74","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2947-9233","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yan","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, the Key Laboratory of Precision Opto-Mechatronics Technology, Ministry of Education, and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-3869-7862","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chuanshuo","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, the Key Laboratory of Precision Opto-Mechatronics Technology, Ministry of Education, and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1946-1707","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jie","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, the Key Laboratory of Precision Opto-Mechatronics Technology, Ministry of Education, and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1264-8272","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xinguo","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, the Key Laboratory of Precision Opto-Mechatronics Technology, Ministry of Education, and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-7572-4884","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dongyu","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, the Key Laboratory of Precision Opto-Mechatronics Technology, Ministry of Education, and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6726-9579","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gangyi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, the Key Laboratory of Precision Opto-Mechatronics Technology, Ministry of Education, and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8721-7461","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jian","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, the Key Laboratory of Precision Opto-Mechatronics Technology, Ministry of Education, and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"ref1","first-page":"1","article-title":"A survey of autonomous astronomical navigation technology for deep space detectors","volume":"1","author":"Fang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Flight Control Detection"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref2","first-page":"8","article-title":"Technical progress and application of space optical sensor","volume":"43","author":"Hao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Aerosp. Control Appl."},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-53783-1"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1137\/1007077"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/3.19717"},{"key":"ref6","volume-title":"Principles and Methods of Spacecraft Celestial Navigation","author":"Fang","year":"2017"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref7","first-page":"77","article-title":"An adaptive image threshold selection algorithm based on variance","volume":"1","author":"Sun","year":"2018","journal-title":"Flight Control Detection"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/12.2026063"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actaastro.2021.12.030"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2024.3440064"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3788\/irla.15_invited-zhangchengyu"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/6.2019-1178"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref13","article-title":"Review of visual navigation technology based on craters","volume":"60","author":"Xu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Laser Optoelectronics Prog."},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/6.2015-0851"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/6.2016-0379"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aax9908"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s42423-024-00153-3"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AERO53065.2022.9843277"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref19","first-page":"1","article-title":"Discussion on optical autonomous navigation methods for deep spacecrafts","volume":"9","author":"Xu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Navigat. Positioning"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref20","first-page":"34","article-title":"Overview of autonomous celestial navigation techniques for deep space probes (Part II)","volume":"2010","author":"Ning","year":"2010","journal-title":"Aerosp. China"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/I2MTC.2014.6861007"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actaastro.2015.01.009"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-spr.2017.0184"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.33012\/2020.17541"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asr.2022.09.008"},{"key":"ref26","volume-title":"Mars Climate Orbiter\u2014NASA Science\u2014Science.nasa.gov","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref27","volume-title":"HopeMarsProbe","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref28","volume-title":"Cassini-Huygens\u2014Saturn Missions\u2014NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory\u2014Jpl.nasa.gov","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/1-4020-3874-7_6"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/12.253410"},{"key":"ref31","volume-title":"Deep Space 1\u2014Asteroid & Comet Missions\u2014NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory\u2013Jpl.Nasa.gov","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref32","volume-title":"Deep Space 1: Advanced Technologies: MICAS\u2014Jpl.Nasa.gov","year":"2024"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref33","first-page":"1","article-title":"A survey of autonomous navigation for deep space exploration","volume":"34","author":"Junfeng","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mech. Eng."},{"issue":"3","key":"ref34","first-page":"382","article-title":"An overview of celestial autonomous navigation technology for deep space exploration","volume":"14","author":"Xue","year":"2017","journal-title":"Astronomical Res. Technol."},{"key":"ref35","volume-title":"Stardust-comet Missions\u2014NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory\u2014Jpl.Nasa.gov","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.icarus.2012.01.025"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2003JE002081"},{"key":"ref38","volume-title":"MESSENGER\u2014NASA Science\u2014Science.nasa.gov","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11214-007-9266-3"},{"key":"ref40","first-page":"325","article-title":"THX 7887A: Et TH 7888A: Deux nouveaux capteurs d\u2019images CCD de 1024\u00d71024 pixels et \u00e0 fort d\u00e9bit","volume-title":"Proc. 3rd ESA Electron. Compon. Conf.","volume":"395","author":"Boucharlat"},{"key":"ref41","first-page":"1062","article-title":"Compact imagers based on messenger\u2019s mercury dual imaging system","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Workshop Instrum. Planet. Missions","volume":"1683","author":"Chabot"},{"key":"ref42","volume-title":"New Horizons\u2014NASA Science\u2014Science.nasa.gov","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref43","volume-title":"New Horizons: Spacecraft\u2014Pluto.jhuapl.edu","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref44","volume-title":"LORRI\u2014Jhuapl.edu","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-89518-5_9"},{"key":"ref46","volume-title":"Hayabusa-2 &x2013; Spacecraft &amp; Satellites\u2014Spaceflight101.com","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.icarus.2021.114353"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/12.2627873"},{"key":"ref49","volume-title":"Planetary Defense\u2014DART\u2014NASA Science\u2014Science.nasa.gov","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref50","volume-title":"DRACO\u2014Jhuapl.edu","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref51","article-title":"Calibration of Viking imaging system pointing, image extraction, and optical navigation measure","author":"Breckenridge","year":"1977"},{"key":"ref52","article-title":"Viking navigation","author":"Oneil","year":"1979"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1117\/12.958130","article-title":"800\u00d7800 charge-coupled device (CCD) camera for the Galileo Jupiter orbiter mission","volume":"203","author":"Clary","year":"1979","journal-title":"Proc. SPIE"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3788\/ope.20142204.0863"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/6.2016-2093"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/1.A34354"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/6.2020-4139"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/1.A34694"},{"key":"ref59","author":"Shymkent","year":"2024","journal-title":"Rocks From Moon\u2014Chinese Chang\u2019e 5 is Flying Back to Earth\u2014Info Shymkent\u2014Shymkent.info"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/1.G006294"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asr.2022.12.017"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40295-023-00402-x"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/6.2024-0512"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/1.G000575"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref65","first-page":"159","article-title":"An autonomous navigation method for spacecraft in cislunar space using stellar aberration observation","volume":"10","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Deep Space Explor."},{"issue":"1","key":"ref66","first-page":"34","article-title":"Overview of autonomous navigation method for Mars probe","volume":"1","author":"Baoyin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Flight Control Detection"},{"key":"ref67","article-title":"Mariner 9 navigation","author":"Neil","year":"1973"},{"key":"ref68","volume-title":"Mariner 9\u2014Mars Missions\u2014NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory\u2014Jpl.nasa.gov","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref69","volume-title":"First Pictures: Mariner 9 Closeup View of Photos\u2014November 29, 1971\u2014Drewexmachina.com","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref70","first-page":"15","article-title":"Rosetta navigation at comet Churyumov\u2013Gerasimenko","volume-title":"Proc. 38th AAS GN&C Conf.","author":"Bhaskaran"},{"key":"ref71","first-page":"15","article-title":"Optical navigation for the Rosetta mission","volume-title":"Proc. 38th AAS GN&C Conf.","author":"Mastrodemos"},{"key":"ref72","author":"Williams","year":"2024","journal-title":"Concerns Over ESA\u2019s Data Release Policy Amidst Rosetta Comet Landing\u2014Universetoday.com"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.proeng.2015.04.023"},{"key":"ref74","volume-title":"NASA Astrobiology\u2014Astrobiology.nasa.gov","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref75","volume-title":"HRI Focus Anomaly Tiger Team Investigation","author":"Fanson","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actaastro.2005.03.043"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/6.2004-4745"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/6.2007-6106"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AERO.2002.1036837"},{"key":"ref80","volume-title":"Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter\u2014NASA Science\u2014Science.nasa.gov","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/12.619857"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref82","first-page":"7","article-title":"Technology characters analysis of Chang\u2019e-1","volume":"17","author":"Ye","year":"2008","journal-title":"Spacecraft Eng."},{"issue":"1","key":"ref83","first-page":"51","article-title":"An ultraviolet lunar sensor for Ce-1 spacecraft","volume":"34","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aerosp. Control Appl."},{"key":"ref84","volume-title":"Chang\u2019e 1\u2014New Mission to Moon Lifts Off\u2014Esa.int","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SOPO.2010.5504070"},{"key":"ref86","article-title":"Navigation accuracy at Jupiter and Saturn using optical observations of planetary satellites","author":"Broschart","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11214-014-0079-x"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11214-017-0429-6"},{"key":"ref89","first-page":"141","article-title":"Early navigation performance of the OSIRISREx approach to bennu","volume-title":"Proc. AAS Annu. Guid. Control Conf.","author":"Antreasian"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11214-017-0460-7"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11214-021-00823-w"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/6.2023-4650"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/6.2024-0514"},{"key":"ref94","article-title":"The NASA CubeSat missions flying on Artemis-1","volume-title":"Proc. 34th Annu. Small Satell. Conf.","author":"McIntosh"},{"key":"ref95","volume-title":"Artemis 1 Ready for Its First Mission 2013; FEDERAL DYNAMICS COMPANY\u2014Federaldynamicscompany.com","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref96","volume-title":"NEA Scout Stories\u2014NASA Science\u2014Science.nasa.gov","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/6.2018-1977"},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/1.G003999"},{"key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/6.2018-2599"},{"key":"ref100","first-page":"1","article-title":"LUMIO: A CubeSat at Earth\u2013moon L2","volume-title":"Proc. 4S Symp.","author":"Topputo"},{"key":"ref101","article-title":"Lumio, a lunar meteoroid impacts observer","volume-title":"Proc. 37th Annu. Small Satell. Conf.","author":"Provinciali"},{"key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/6.2022-2381"},{"key":"ref103","volume-title":"NEAR Shoemaker\u2014NASA Science\u2014Science.nasa.gov","year":"2024"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref104","first-page":"107","article-title":"The near multispectral imager","volume":"19","author":"Hawkins","year":"1998","journal-title":"Johns Hopkins APL Tech. Dig."},{"key":"ref105","article-title":"Navigation for NEAR shoemaker: The first spacecraft to orbit an asteroid","author":"Williams","year":"2001","journal-title":"Adv. Astron. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"ref106","first-page":"34","article-title":"Technical challenges and results for navigation of NEAR shoemaker","volume":"23","author":"Williams","year":"2002","journal-title":"Johns Hopkins APL Tech. Dig."},{"key":"ref107","first-page":"243","article-title":"Navigation of the near Earth asteroid rendezvous mission","volume":"89","author":"Miller","year":"1995","journal-title":"Adv. Astron. Sci."},{"key":"ref108","first-page":"1","article-title":"Optical navigation for the dawn mission at vesta","volume-title":"Proc. 23rd Int. Symp. Space Flight Dyn.","volume":"29","author":"Mastrodemos"},{"key":"ref109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11214-010-9634-2"},{"key":"ref110","volume-title":"Sinplex: A small integrated navigation system for planetary exploration","author":"Steffes","year":"2013"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref111","first-page":"9","article-title":"Design of semi-physical simulation system for optics-based autonomous navigation used in Mars exploration","volume":"2016","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Navigat. Control"},{"key":"ref112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10569-017-9800-x"},{"key":"ref113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/1.G001847"},{"key":"ref114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1360\/SST-2020-0272"},{"key":"ref115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/1.A34986"},{"key":"ref116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1360\/SSPMA-2020-0434"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref117","first-page":"11","article-title":"Navigation, guidance and control technology of Mars exploration orbiter Tianwen-1","volume":"10","author":"Zhu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Deep Space Explor."},{"issue":"9","key":"ref118","first-page":"2052","article-title":"Autonomous optical navigation for spacecraft around small celestial bodies based on landmarks","volume":"38","author":"Zhu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Electronica Sinica"},{"key":"ref119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/aer.2020.41"},{"key":"ref120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/1.G006699"},{"key":"ref121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40295-023-00415-6"},{"key":"ref122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.34133\/2021\/9846185"},{"key":"ref123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AERO.2019.8742167"},{"key":"ref124","article-title":"Deep impact autonomous navigation: The trials of targeting the unknown","volume-title":"Proc. 29th Annu. AAS Guid. Control Conf.","author":"Kubitschek"},{"key":"ref125","volume-title":"Deep Impact: Technology: Instruments: ITS\u2014Deepimpact.astro.umd.edu","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref126","first-page":"1","article-title":"Optical navigation for the dart mission","volume-title":"Proc. 33rd AAS\/AIAA Space Flight Mech. Meeting","author":"Rush"},{"key":"ref127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2005.222"},{"key":"ref128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11263-006-0022-z"},{"key":"ref129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/12.450671"},{"key":"ref130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MIS.2004.18"},{"key":"ref131","first-page":"1","article-title":"Rosetta navigation for the fly-by of asteroid 2867 \u0160teins","volume-title":"Proc. 21st Int. Symp. Space Flight Dyn.","author":"Morley"},{"key":"ref132","first-page":"1","article-title":"Optical measurements for Rosetta navigation near the comet","volume-title":"Proc. 25th Int. Symp. Space Flight Dyn. (ISSFD)","author":"De Santayana"},{"key":"ref133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsta.2016.0262"},{"key":"ref134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s42064-020-0070-0"},{"key":"ref135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3847\/PSJ\/ac5182"},{"key":"ref136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/6.2022-2520"},{"key":"ref137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11214-018-0501-x"},{"key":"ref138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/rs13040590"},{"key":"ref139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.34133\/2021\/9823609"},{"key":"ref140","author":"Lunar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Moon-Scientific Data of CE-5"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref141","first-page":"11","article-title":"Autonomous navigation technology of Tianwen 1 Mars probe during EDL process","volume":"43","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Astronaut."},{"key":"ref142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asr.2020.11.005"},{"key":"ref143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/rs13173439"},{"key":"ref144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/6.2022-1214"},{"key":"ref145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11214-020-00765-9"},{"key":"ref146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2322\/astj.JSASS-D-16-00050"},{"key":"ref147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/6.2021-3582"},{"key":"ref148","article-title":"Evaluating an integration of spacecraft location estimation with Crater detection toward smart lander for investigating moon","author":"Takadama","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11834\/jrs.20244229"},{"key":"ref150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/2016EA000252"},{"key":"ref151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/1.A32680"},{"key":"ref152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1360\/092014-51"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref153","first-page":"1686","article-title":"Autonomous navigation for powered descent phase of Chang\u2019e-3 lunar lander","volume":"2014","author":"Zhang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Control Theory Technol."},{"key":"ref154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1360\/092014-37"},{"key":"ref155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11214-018-0536-z"},{"key":"ref156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11214-019-0587-9"},{"key":"ref157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AERO.2018.8396723"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref158","first-page":"1418","article-title":"Guidance navigation and control for Chang\u2019e-4 lander","volume":"49","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Sin. Tech."},{"key":"ref159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1360\/SST-2019-0073"},{"key":"ref160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11432-020-3047-4"},{"key":"ref161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pss.2018.02.011"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref162","first-page":"1979","article-title":"Autonomous optical navigation algorithm for small body impact mission","volume":"2009","author":"Du","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Syst. Simul."},{"issue":"4","key":"ref163","first-page":"438","article-title":"Autonomous navigation and guidance for asteroid kinetic impact mission","volume":"9","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Deep Space Explor."},{"key":"ref164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AERO.2008.4526302"},{"key":"ref165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TGRS.2022.3198745"},{"key":"ref166","volume-title":"Pattern Classification","author":"Hart","year":"2000"},{"key":"ref167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780080477275"},{"key":"ref168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SCORED.2015.7449303"},{"key":"ref169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-6596\/1693\/1\/012163"},{"key":"ref170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.69.066138"},{"key":"ref171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/rs13173467"},{"key":"ref172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/1.G004850"},{"key":"ref173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11214-009-9624-4"},{"key":"ref174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11214-021-00862-3"},{"key":"ref175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pss.2020.105119"},{"key":"ref176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LGRS.2015.2413753"},{"key":"ref177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0373463318000966"},{"key":"ref178","first-page":"158","article-title":"Automatic extraction of lunar craters based on gray features and geometric constrains","volume":"27","author":"Qian","year":"2021","journal-title":"Manned Spaceflight"},{"key":"ref179","first-page":"1","article-title":"Robust Crater detection algorithm based on maximum entropy threshold segmentation","volume":"2022","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Aerosp. Eng."},{"key":"ref180","article-title":"The history began from AlexNet: A comprehensive survey on deep learning approaches","author":"Zahangir Alom","year":"2018","journal-title":"arXiv:1803.01164"},{"key":"ref181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/rs10071067"},{"key":"ref182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ast.2022.107503"},{"key":"ref183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asr.2023.05.041"},{"key":"ref184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2019.00667"},{"key":"ref185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2018JE005592"},{"key":"ref186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actaastro.2024.03.012"},{"key":"ref187","article-title":"Camera-pose robust Crater detection from Chang\u2019e 5","author":"Rodda","year":"2024","journal-title":"arXiv:2406.04569"},{"key":"ref188","article-title":"Crater identification algorithm for the lost in low lunar orbit scenario","volume-title":"Proc. 33rd Annu. AAS Guid. Control Conf.","author":"Hanak"},{"key":"ref189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03546375"},{"key":"ref190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40295-021-00287-8"},{"key":"ref191","first-page":"4938","article-title":"Super-Glue: Learning feature matching with graph neural networks","volume-title":"Proc. IEEE\/CVF Conf. Comput. Vis. Pattern Recognit. (CVPR)","author":"Sarlin"},{"key":"ref192","article-title":"Terrain-relative navigation for precision landings based on a hierarchical localization approach","author":"Sanchez","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref193","article-title":"Research on Crater identification methods for autonomous landing and roving exploration on the lunar surface","author":"Yang","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref194","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.572"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/19\/10764799\/10884870.pdf?arnumber=10884870","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T20:56:57Z","timestamp":1772485017000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/10884870\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"references-count":194,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tim.2025.3541703","relation":{},"ISSN":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0018-9456","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-9662","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}}}