{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,15]],"date-time":"2025-08-15T01:22:21Z","timestamp":1755220941556,"version":"3.43.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"name":"U.S. Department of Energy\u2019s Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) through the Advanced Manufacturing Office","award":["DE-EE0009119"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DE-EE0009119"]}]},{"name":"Swedish Steel Inc. (SSAB) Americas, and in part by Krosaki Refractories"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tim.2025.3593567","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]],"date-time":"2025-07-29T18:29:54Z","timestamp":1753813794000},"page":"1-12","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Distributed Sapphire Fiber Bragg Grating-Based Thermal Profiling of Submerged Entry Nozzles"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"74","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5213-608X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Farhan","family":"Mumtaz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0483-796X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hanok W.","family":"Tekle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5574-8396","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bohong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-1466-331X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaodong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shinagawa Refractories Company Ltd., Tokyo, Japan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-5771-9661","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sunday","family":"Abraham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SSAB Iowa Inc., Muscatine, IA, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-7339-2156","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bryant","family":"Mathis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SSAB Alabama Inc., Axis, AL, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0144-6357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeffrey D.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2567-6459","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ronald J.","family":"O'Malley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8659-2910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jie","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2021.04.278"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Various technologies to suppress alumina clogging for submerged entry zozzle","volume":"65","author":"Niitsuma","year":"2022"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref3","DOI":"10.2355\/isijinternational.50.721"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref4","DOI":"10.2355\/isijinternational.47.840"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref5","DOI":"10.3390\/met11081223"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref6","DOI":"10.1179\/174328106X118198"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref7","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/6267472"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref8","DOI":"10.1007\/s11663-020-01990-x"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref9","DOI":"10.1364\/ol.439373"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref10","DOI":"10.1364\/ol.42.004219"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref11","DOI":"10.1109\/jlt.2023.3294794"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref12","DOI":"10.1109\/tim.2023.3335530"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref13","DOI":"10.1117\/12.2518315"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref14","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.495138"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref15","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.494092"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref16","DOI":"10.1049\/el:20071355"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref17","DOI":"10.1364\/oe.18.019844"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref18","DOI":"10.3390\/s120201898"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rinp.2020.103311"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref20","DOI":"10.2528\/pierc20111905"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref21","DOI":"10.1364\/ol.506053"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.measurement.2021.109868"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref23","DOI":"10.1063\/1.5010184"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref24","DOI":"10.2514\/6.2011-1098"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref25","DOI":"10.1117\/12.2050598"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref26","DOI":"10.2172\/2396919"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref27","DOI":"10.3390\/s19143211"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref28","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.1c24589"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesa.2015.10.035"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref30","DOI":"10.1109\/jlt.2024.3438108"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.measurement.2024.114132"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref32","DOI":"10.1117\/12.3014039"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref33","DOI":"10.1364\/ao.479732"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref34","DOI":"10.1364\/ol.471370"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2023.07.168"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref36","DOI":"10.22496\/atct.v2i4.115"},{"key":"ref37","first-page":"573","article-title":"A mechanism of slagline wear of graphite-bonded zirconia submerged nozzle during continuous casting of steel","volume":"35","author":"Hong","year":"1997","journal-title":"J.-Korean Inst. Met. Mater."},{"issue":"6","key":"ref38","first-page":"540","article-title":"Modern steelmaking","volume":"80","author":"Ohashi","year":"1992","journal-title":"Amer. Sci."},{"key":"ref39","first-page":"1","article-title":"Review of strand casting factors affecting steel product cleanliness","volume-title":"Proc. 4th Int. Conf. Clean Steel","author":"Szekeres"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/ielam\/19\/10764799\/11099003-aam.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/19\/10764799\/11099003.pdf?arnumber=11099003","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,8]],"date-time":"2025-08-08T04:40:25Z","timestamp":1754628025000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11099003\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"references-count":39,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tim.2025.3593567","relation":{},"ISSN":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0018-9456"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1557-9662"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}}}