{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T03:11:46Z","timestamp":1779333106345,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004040","name":"KU Leuven","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["C14\/18\/065"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C14\/18\/065"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004040","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Flemish Government through the Onderzoeksprogramma Artifici\u00eble Intelligentie (AI) Vlaandere Programme"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003130","name":"Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["G086617N"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["G086617N"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003130","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007065","name":"Nvidia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. on Image Process."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tip.2020.2975980","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,28]],"date-time":"2020-02-28T22:42:17Z","timestamp":1582929737000},"page":"4788-4803","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["A Deep Multi-Modal Explanation Model for Zero-Shot Learning"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2067-9175","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3307-9723","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tinne","family":"Tuytelaars","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21236\/ADA459166"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.319"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.00844"},{"key":"ref32","first-page":"46","article-title":"Zero-shot learning via simultaneous generating and learning","author":"yu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc NeurIPS"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.00758"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-01231-1_2"},{"key":"ref37","first-page":"289","article-title":"Hierarchical question-image co-attention for visual question answering","author":"lu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc NIPS"},{"key":"ref36","first-page":"2048","article-title":"Show, attend and tell: Neural image caption generation with visual attention","author":"xu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc ICML"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2018.2857768"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2019.00368"},{"key":"ref60","article-title":"Adam: A method for stochastic optimization","author":"kingma","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc ICLR"},{"key":"ref62","first-page":"2009","article-title":"Generalized zero-shot learning with deep calibration network","author":"liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc NIPS"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.575"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2018.00115"},{"key":"ref28","article-title":"Auto-encoding variational Bayes","author":"kingma","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc ICLR"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2018.00779"},{"key":"ref27","first-page":"2672","article-title":"Generative adversarial nets","author":"goodfellow","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc NIPS"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.01194"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.01022"},{"key":"ref29","first-page":"1718","article-title":"Generative moment matching networks","volume":"2015","author":"li","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc ICML"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"448","article-title":"Batch normalization: Accelerating deep network training by reducing internal covariate shift","author":"ioffe","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc ICML"},{"key":"ref1","first-page":"1097","article-title":"ImageNet classification with deep convolutional neural networks","author":"krizhevsky","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc NIPS"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2017.2745109"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2018.2872916"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2018.2869696"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2017.321"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2015.483"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2018.2881926"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2017.376"},{"key":"ref50","first-page":"499","article-title":"A discriminative feature learning approach for deep face recognition","author":"wen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc ECCV"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11263-015-0816-y"},{"key":"ref59","first-page":"8026","article-title":"PyTorch: An imperative style, high-performance deep learning library","author":"paszke","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc Adv Neural Inf Process Syst"},{"key":"ref58","first-page":"740","article-title":"Microsoft COCO: Common objects in context","author":"lin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc ECCV"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2015.7299087"},{"key":"ref56","first-page":"74","article-title":"ROUGE: A package for automatic evaluation of summaries","author":"lin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc ACL Workshop Text Summarization Branches Out"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3115\/v1\/W14-3348"},{"key":"ref54","first-page":"311","article-title":"BLEU: A method for automatic evaluation of machine translation","author":"papineni","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc Annual Meeting of the Assoc Computational Linguistics"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2012.6247998"},{"key":"ref52","article-title":"The caltech-ucsd birds-200-2011 dataset","author":"wah","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.15"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2017.2696747"},{"key":"ref40","article-title":"Generating natural language explanations for visual question answering using scene graphs and visual attention","volume":"abs 1902 5715","author":"ghosh","year":"2019","journal-title":"CoRR"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"3111","article-title":"Distributed representations of words and phrases and their compositionality","author":"mikolov","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc Adv Neural Inf Process Syst"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.13"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2018.00450"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2018.00581"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2018.00111"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2017.74"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/neco.1997.9.8.1735"},{"key":"ref19","first-page":"935","article-title":"Zero-shot learning through cross-modal transfer","author":"socher","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc NIPS"},{"key":"ref4","first-page":"2121","article-title":"Devise: A deep visual-semantic embedding model","volume":"2013","author":"frome","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc NIPS"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.90"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2015.7298911"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2013.140"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2015.2487986"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"2152","article-title":"An embarrassingly simple approach to zero-shot learning","author":"romera-paredes","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc ICML"},{"key":"ref49","first-page":"2579","article-title":"Visualizing high-dimensional data using t-SNE","volume":"9","author":"van der maaten","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Mach Learn Res"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2017.473"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.00880"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2018.00915"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-01261-8_32"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.00879"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-01216-8_17"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-46493-0_1"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3343031.3351033"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.01052"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Image Processing"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/83\/8835130\/09018377.pdf?arnumber=9018377","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,27]],"date-time":"2022-04-27T14:39:13Z","timestamp":1651070353000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/9018377\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"references-count":66,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tip.2020.2975980","relation":{},"ISSN":["1057-7149","1941-0042"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1057-7149","type":"print"},{"value":"1941-0042","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020]]}}}