{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T11:05:17Z","timestamp":1780052717127,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":216,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,1]],"date-time":"2010-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1267401600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Intell. Transport. Syst."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,3]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tits.2009.2030963","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,3]],"date-time":"2009-10-03T07:04:02Z","timestamp":1254553442000},"page":"206-224","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":227,"title":["Understanding Transit Scenes: A Survey on Human Behavior-Recognition Algorithms"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"J.","family":"Candamo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Shreve","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.B.","family":"Goldgof","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.B.","family":"Sapper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Kasturi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/cp:20080305"},{"key":"ref172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2007.366355"},{"key":"ref171","first-page":"531","article-title":"vehicle recognition for highway lane survey","author":"sidla","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Int Conf Intell Transp Syst"},{"key":"ref174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW.2003.10035"},{"key":"ref173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.1994.576450"},{"key":"ref176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIP.2007.4379785"},{"key":"ref175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CCST.2004.1405407"},{"key":"ref178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIAP.2001.957064"},{"key":"ref177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSMC.2007.4414038"},{"key":"ref168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICARCV.2002.1235014"},{"key":"ref169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/34.982885"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSVT.2007.909975"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MELCON.2006.1653139"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.1994.323832"},{"key":"ref32","first-page":"11\/1","article-title":"estimation of crowd density using image processing","author":"marana","year":"1997","journal-title":"IEE Colloquium on Image Processing for Security Applications (Ref No 1997\/074)"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-63508-4_193"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rti.2003.10.001"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.2006.641"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:VISI.0000025798.50602.3a"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(02)00052-3"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/34.598226"},{"key":"ref181","year":"2006","journal-title":"Fire Safety Risk AssessmentSmall and Medium Places of Assembly"},{"key":"ref180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AVSS.2006.6"},{"key":"ref185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WACV.2007.26"},{"key":"ref184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CRV.2006.21"},{"key":"ref183","year":"0","journal-title":"TREC Video Retrieval Evaluation official website"},{"key":"ref182","author":"still","year":"2000","journal-title":"Crowd dynamics"},{"key":"ref189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ROBOT.2006.1642279"},{"key":"ref188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IROS.2007.4398962"},{"key":"ref187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSVT.2008.928217"},{"key":"ref186","first-page":"393","article-title":"fusing visual and audio information in a distributed intelligent surveillance system for public transport systems","volume":"29","author":"lo","year":"2003","journal-title":"Acta Autom Sin"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/ic:20040089"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/ic:20060354"},{"key":"ref179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AVSS.2006.18"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIAP.1999.797754"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AVSS.2005.1577266"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AVSS.2005.1577264"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AVSS.2005.1577265"},{"key":"ref24","year":"0","journal-title":"Performance Evaluation of Tracking and Surveillance official website"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AVSS.2005.1577263"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCA.2004.838461"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VSPETS.2005.1570928"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICHIT.2006.253497"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/cviu.1996.0006"},{"key":"ref154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2008.4518063"},{"key":"ref153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIP.2007.4379786"},{"key":"ref156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICME.2007.4285118"},{"key":"ref155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/6979.880968"},{"key":"ref150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/ASP.2005.2359"},{"key":"ref152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2006.104"},{"key":"ref151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WACV.2007.30"},{"key":"ref146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2005.07.011"},{"key":"ref147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.2000.905274"},{"key":"ref148","first-page":"102","article-title":"backpack: detection of people carrying objects using silhouettes","volume":"1","author":"haritaoglu","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Int Conf Comput Vis"},{"key":"ref149","first-page":"177","article-title":"group behavior recognition with multiple cameras","author":"cupillard","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Workshop Appl Comput Vis"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2006.119"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2005.272"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2005.177"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIT.2007.57"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.1992.223269"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007996332012"},{"key":"ref53","first-page":"121","article-title":"an iterative image registration technique with an application to stereo vision","author":"lucas","year":"1981","journal-title":"Proc DARPA Image Underst Workshop"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0004-3702(81)90024-2"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VS.1999.780271"},{"key":"ref167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2007.70731"},{"key":"ref166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/NAECON.2000.894964"},{"key":"ref165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2003.1238423"},{"key":"ref164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2004.838219"},{"key":"ref163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2007.366059"},{"key":"ref162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/.2005.1467180"},{"key":"ref161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ITSC.2004.1399015"},{"key":"ref160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIP.2004.1421719"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCC.2004.829274"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.2008.4761655"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1561\/0600000005"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/ip-vis:20041147"},{"key":"ref8","author":"collins","year":"2000","journal-title":"A system for video surveillance and monitoring"},{"key":"ref159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.1999.786952"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/cviu.2000.0897"},{"key":"ref49","first-page":"5011","article-title":"an effective detection algorithm for moving object with complex background","volume":"8","author":"hu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Int Conf Mach Learn Cybern"},{"key":"ref157","first-page":"254","article-title":"real-time detection of illegally parked vehicles using 1-d transformation","author":"lee","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Conf Adv Video Signal Based Surveillance"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2008.57"},{"key":"ref158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICMLC.2002.1174520"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIP.2007.4379586"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2004.838698"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACV.1994.341288"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/ASP.2005.2330"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.1997.609434"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.1999.784637"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.1999.791228"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.1998.711189"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1177352.1177355"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2003.823140"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/11744047_33"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.2008.4761703"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2008.4587539"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2008.4587581"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imavis.2005.06.006"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICARCV.2006.345213"},{"key":"ref78","first-page":"90","article-title":"human activities monitoring at bus stops","volume":"1","author":"gasser","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Int Conf Robot Autom"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2003.1195991"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2005.848370"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2005.39"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIAP.2007.4362771"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICWAPR.2007.4421641"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/cviu.1998.0716"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0262-8856(95)93154-K"},{"key":"ref66","author":"ju","year":"1996","journal-title":"Human motion estimation and recognition (depth oral report)"},{"key":"ref67","first-page":"14","article-title":"face detection using multi-modal information","author":"kim","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Int Conf Autom Face Gesture Recog"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.2006.638"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.2004.1333925"},{"key":"ref197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0262-8856(03)00064-7"},{"key":"ref198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2004.05.004"},{"key":"ref199","first-page":"1","article-title":"detecting global motion patterns in complex videos","author":"hu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Pattern Recog"},{"key":"ref193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TLA.2004.1468654"},{"key":"ref194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1049\/cp:19940440","article-title":"automatic measurement of crowd density and motion using image processing","author":"velastin","year":"1994","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Road Traffic Monitoring Control"},{"key":"ref195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/34.946990"},{"key":"ref196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/34.946990"},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MNRAO.1994.346261"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/cviu.1998.0744"},{"key":"ref190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIP.2006.313137"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIS.2007.157"},{"key":"ref191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AVSS.2006.94"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EVENT.2001.938867"},{"key":"ref192","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AVSS.2005.1577274"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2004.301"},{"key":"ref90","first-page":"38","article-title":"argmodeactivity recognition using graphical models","volume":"4","author":"hamid","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Comput Vis Pattern Recog Workshop"},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.1998.710817"},{"key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AVSS.2005.1577235"},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1515\/9780691214696","author":"shaffer","year":"1976","journal-title":"A Mathematical Theory of Evidence"},{"key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/FUZZY.2005.1452395"},{"key":"ref82","first-page":"661","article-title":"color-based probabilistic tracking","author":"perez","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc Eur Conf Comput Vis"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008078328650"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-0371-2"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IVS.2004.1336482"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-044482307-6\/50042-4"},{"key":"ref89","first-page":"39","article-title":"hierarchical language based representation of events in video steams","volume":"4","author":"nevatia","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Conf Comput Vis Pattern Recog Workshop"},{"key":"ref85","first-page":"373","article-title":"fusion of multiple tracking algorithms for robust people tracking","author":"siebel","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc Eur Conf Comput Vis"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2007.4408936"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WVS.1998.646024"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WVS.1998.646017"},{"key":"ref200","year":"0","journal-title":"The official website for AgentVi"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VSPETS.2005.1570921"},{"key":"ref100","first-page":"966","article-title":"automatic symbolic traffic scene analysis using belief networks","author":"huang","year":"1994","journal-title":"Proc Nat Conf Artif Intell"},{"key":"ref209","year":"0"},{"key":"ref203","year":"0","journal-title":"The official website for Eptascape"},{"key":"ref204","year":"0","journal-title":"The official website for Honeywell"},{"key":"ref201","year":"0","journal-title":"The official website for Aimetis Corp"},{"key":"ref202","year":"0","journal-title":"The official website for Cernium"},{"key":"ref207","year":"0","journal-title":"The official website for Intellivision"},{"key":"ref208","year":"0","journal-title":"The official website for Ipsotek"},{"key":"ref205","year":"0","journal-title":"The official website for Indigo Vision"},{"key":"ref206","year":"0","journal-title":"The official website for Intelliview"},{"key":"ref211","year":"0","journal-title":"The official website for Object Video"},{"key":"ref210","year":"0"},{"key":"ref212","year":"0","journal-title":"The official website for Sightlogix"},{"key":"ref213","year":"0","journal-title":"The official website Verint"},{"key":"ref214","year":"0","journal-title":"The official website for Vidient"},{"key":"ref215","year":"0","journal-title":"The official website for Nice"},{"key":"ref216","year":"0","journal-title":"The official website of IoImage"},{"key":"ref127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1049\/ic:20060358","article-title":"detection of emergency events in crowded scenes","author":"andrade","year":"2006","journal-title":"2006 IET Conference on Crime and Security IET"},{"key":"ref126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.2006.621"},{"key":"ref125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.2006.806"},{"key":"ref124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2006.92"},{"key":"ref129","first-page":"489","article-title":"image processing techniques for crowd density estimation using a reference image","author":"yin","year":"1995","journal-title":"Proc Asian Conf Comput Vis"},{"key":"ref128","first-page":"427","article-title":"performance analysis of event detection models in crowded scenes","author":"andrade","year":"2006","journal-title":"2006 IET International Conference on Visual Information Engineering"},{"key":"ref130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2007.4409011"},{"key":"ref133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2007.4409005"},{"key":"ref134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WMVC.2007.10"},{"key":"ref131","first-page":"41","author":"antipolis","year":"2007","journal-title":"Intelligent environments for problem solving by autonomous systems"},{"key":"ref132","first-page":"501","article-title":"head pose estimation for driver monitoring","author":"zhu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Intell Vehicles Symp"},{"key":"ref136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2007.383129"},{"key":"ref135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACVMOT.2005.43"},{"key":"ref138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MNRAO.1994.346236"},{"key":"ref137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2007.4409073"},{"key":"ref139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10044-004-0236-z"},{"key":"ref140","year":"0","journal-title":"BEHAVE official website"},{"key":"ref141","year":"0","journal-title":"CAVIAR Project dataset"},{"key":"ref142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-72849-8_44"},{"key":"ref143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VS.1999.780265"},{"key":"ref2","year":"0","journal-title":"Official website for Moscow Metro"},{"key":"ref144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/UKSIM.2008.67"},{"key":"ref1","year":"0","journal-title":"Official website for Metropolitan Transportation Authority"},{"key":"ref145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/982452.982461"},{"key":"ref109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1049\/ic:20060360","article-title":"on crowd density estimation for surveillance","author":"rahmalan","year":"2006","journal-title":"2006 IET Conference on Crime and Security IET"},{"key":"ref108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IVS.2004.1336357"},{"key":"ref107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trc.2006.05.006"},{"key":"ref106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/THS.2007.370020"},{"key":"ref105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/THS.2007.370012"},{"key":"ref104","first-page":"79","article-title":"segmentation and classification of human activities","author":"nascimento","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc Workshop Human Activity Recog Modeling"},{"key":"ref103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.2008.4761228"},{"key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/34.868685"},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SICE.2006.315194"},{"key":"ref112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WSC.2006.323128"},{"key":"ref110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ROBIO.2006.340379"},{"key":"ref10","first-page":"733","article-title":"performance evaluation of object tracking algorithms","author":"yin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Int Workshop Perform Eval Tracking Surveillance"},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"125","article-title":"a novel method for video tracking performance evaluation","author":"black","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Int Workshop Perform Anal Video Surveillance Tracking"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"917","article-title":"performance evaluation metrics for object-based video segmentation","author":"erdem","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc X Eur Signal Process Conf"},{"key":"ref13","first-page":"827","article-title":"use of an evaluation and diagnosis method to improve tracking performances","author":"georis","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc IASTED Int Conf Vis Imaging Image Process"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.2002.1048198"},{"key":"ref15","first-page":"1","article-title":"performance evaluation of surveillance systems under varying conditions","author":"brown","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Int Workshop Perform Eval Tracking Surveillance"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.2000.902888"},{"key":"ref118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2007.4409075"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VSPETS.2005.1570908"},{"key":"ref117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.2000.905668"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VSPETS.2005.1570907"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AVSS.2005.1577267"},{"key":"ref119","first-page":"410","article-title":"tracking and segmenting people with occlusions by a sample consensus based method","volume":"2","author":"wang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Int Conf Image Process"},{"key":"ref114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CGI.2005.1500417"},{"key":"ref113","first-page":"279","article-title":"emotional ant based modeling of crowd dynamics","author":"banarjee","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc Symbolic Numeric Algorithms Sci Comput"},{"key":"ref116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AVSS.2005.1577286"},{"key":"ref115","first-page":"3321","article-title":"crowd control with swarm intelligence","author":"lin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc Evol Comput"},{"key":"ref120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/3468.983420"},{"key":"ref121","first-page":"1","article-title":"estimating the number of people in crowded scenes by mid based foreground segmentation and headshoulder detection","author":"li","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Pattern Recog"},{"key":"ref122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MRA.2005.1411416"},{"key":"ref123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00138-008-0132-4"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx5\/6979\/5420295\/05276836.pdf?arnumber=5276836","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]],"date-time":"2025-02-12T14:17:54Z","timestamp":1739369874000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/5276836\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,3]]},"references-count":216,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tits.2009.2030963","relation":{},"ISSN":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1524-9050","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-0016","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,3]]}}}