{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T18:21:38Z","timestamp":1773080498183,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,1]],"date-time":"2011-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1314835200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,1]],"date-time":"2011-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1314835200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,1]],"date-time":"2011-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1314835200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Intell. Transport. Syst."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,9]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tits.2011.2114346","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,4]],"date-time":"2011-03-04T15:40:31Z","timestamp":1299253231000},"page":"830-845","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":222,"title":["An Algorithm for License Plate Recognition Applied to Intelligent Transportation System"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Ying","family":"Wen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Columbia University, New York, USA"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Technology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China"}]},{"given":"Jingqi","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"}]},{"given":"Zhenyu","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Columbia University, New York, USA"}]},{"given":"Karen M.","family":"von Deneen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an , China"}]},{"given":"Pengfei","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref39","author":"he","year":"2002","journal-title":"Visual C++ Digital Image Processing"},{"key":"ref38","first-page":"115","author":"niblack","year":"1986","journal-title":"An Indroduction to Digital Image Processing"},{"key":"ref33","first-page":"281","article-title":"A real-time algorithm for license plate extraction based on mathematical morphology","volume":"8","author":"zuo","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Image Graph"},{"key":"ref32","first-page":"374","article-title":"A new approach for vehicle license plate locating from color image","volume":"6","author":"zhang","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Image Graph"},{"key":"ref31","first-page":"71","article-title":"Automatic car plate detection and recognition through intelligent vision engineering","author":"luis","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Int Carnahan Conf Security Technology"},{"key":"ref30","first-page":"597","article-title":"Car number plate detection with edge image improvement","volume":"2","author":"ming","year":"1996","journal-title":"Proc 4th Int Symp Signal Process Appl"},{"key":"ref37","first-page":"1251","article-title":"Dynamic thresholding of gray-level images","author":"bernsen","year":"1986","journal-title":"Proc 8th Int Conf Pattern Recog"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMC.1979.4310076","article-title":"A threshold selection method from gray-level histograms","volume":"smc 9","author":"otsu","year":"1979","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSMC.1998.727533"},{"key":"ref34","first-page":"33","article-title":"Application of genetic algorithm in license plate location","volume":"17","author":"shi","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Highway Transp Res Develop"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSMC.2006.385226"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-3203(90)90112-X"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICNSC.2004.1297038"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patrec.2005.04.014"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2008.12.006"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00138-006-0023-5"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2006.880641"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11633-008-0425-0"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2008.922938"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2004.825086"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imavis.2006.05.014"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICNC.2007.192"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.1997.609372"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2004.1265868"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-2440-0"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/34.566814"},{"key":"ref52","first-page":"1321","article-title":"A novel classifier for handwritten numeral recognition","author":"wen","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Int Conf Acoust Speech Signal Process"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CCST.1999.797895"},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"689","article-title":"Vehicle license plate recognition by means of cellular automata","author":"adorni","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Int Conf Intell Veh"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/321356.321357"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2008.08.016"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imavis.2008.10.012"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2008.915524"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patrec.2008.01.026"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2007.909284"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/25.467963"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnca.2006.09.010"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/25.901900"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ITSC.1999.821094"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2010.2048313"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2009.2020190"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2008.2011694"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2010.2076390"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"7\/1","article-title":"License plate recognition technology for toll violation enforcement","author":"davies","year":"1990","journal-title":"Proc IEE Colloq Image Anal Transp Appl"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2006.07.001"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ITSC.1999.821019"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.1994.576989"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/T-C.1971.223165"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1109\/TNN.2002.1000134","article-title":"Face recognition with RBF neural networks","volume":"13","author":"er","year":"2002","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Neural Netw"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/72.554190"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1409","DOI":"10.1109\/ICOSP.2000.891808","article-title":"Car license plates detection from complex scene","volume":"2","author":"gao","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc 5th Int Conf Signal Process"},{"key":"ref41","first-page":"212","article-title":"License plate recognition using DTCNNs","author":"brugge","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc 5th IEEE Int Workshop Cellular Neural Netw Appl"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICNN.1995.487708"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISIE.1995.497029"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx5\/6979\/6006621\/05722036.pdf?arnumber=5722036","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,9]],"date-time":"2022-08-09T20:35:33Z","timestamp":1660077333000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/5722036\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,9]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tits.2011.2114346","relation":{},"ISSN":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1524-9050","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-0016","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,9]]}}}