{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T07:25:54Z","timestamp":1774509954939,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"name":"UK Research and Innovation (UKRI)-Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","award":["ATRACT EP\/X028631\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ATRACT EP\/X028631\/1"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Intell. Transport. Syst."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tits.2023.3334873","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T14:59:03Z","timestamp":1704121143000},"page":"6074-6089","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Exploiting Label Uncertainty for Enhanced 3D Object Detection From Point Clouds"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7062-931X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yang","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Computing for Complex Energy Systems, Ministry of Education, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8650-444X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bin","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Computing for Complex Energy Systems, Ministry of Education, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3774-2134","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yonghuai","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intelligent Visual Computing Research Centre, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, Lancashire, U.K."}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0833-2467","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhenyu","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Computing for Complex Energy Systems, Ministry of Education, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0276-9000","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ardhendu","family":"Behera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intelligent Visual Computing Research Centre, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, Lancashire, U.K."}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1344-4415","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ran","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China"}]},{"given":"Hejin","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Computing for Complex Energy Systems, Ministry of Education, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, China"}]},{"given":"Haiyan","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2022.3225880"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2021.3114062"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2012.6248074"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s18103337"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.01298"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2021.3118698"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v35i2.16207"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR42600.2020.01054"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52688.2022.00828"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TGRS.2021.3127232"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2017.16"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"1","article-title":"PointNet++: Deep hierarchical feature learning on point sets in a metric space","volume-title":"Proc. NIPS","volume":"30","author":"Qi"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.00086"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR42600.2020.01105"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52688.2022.01838"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR46437.2021.00738"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/ARXIV.1706.03762"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV48922.2021.00274"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2018.00472"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v35i4.16470"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s20030704"},{"key":"ref22","first-page":"21002","article-title":"Generalized focal loss: Learning qualified and distributed bounding boxes for dense object detection","volume-title":"Proc. NIPS","author":"Li"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.00300"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2022.06.002"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2019.00059"},{"key":"ref26","first-page":"11830","article-title":"Rethinking rotated object detection with Gaussian Wasserstein distance loss","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Mach. Learn.","author":"Yang"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11263-023-01869-9"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV48922.2021.00986"},{"key":"ref29","first-page":"1","article-title":"Faster R-CNN: Towards real-time object detection with region proposal networks","volume-title":"Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","volume":"28","author":"Ren"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR42600.2020.01189"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR46437.2021.01426"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2021.107884"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICRA48506.2021.9561597"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR46437.2021.01437"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/3DV.2019.00019"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR42600.2020.01334"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-20074-8_38"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2019.00987"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2019.00204"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3474085.3475314"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2022.108524"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tits.2023.3259582"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52688.2022.00535"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2022.3201469"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TGRS.2022.3203163"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52729.2023.00500"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TGRS.2023.3250229"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2022.108684"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2020.2977026"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR42600.2020.01164"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-58583-9_43"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v36i1.19897"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/6979\/10543072\/10378971.pdf?arnumber=10378971","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]],"date-time":"2025-08-18T19:47:13Z","timestamp":1755546433000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/10378971\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tits.2023.3334873","relation":{},"ISSN":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1524-9050","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-0016","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]}}}