{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T07:56:03Z","timestamp":1773993363302,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":117,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]],"date-time":"2025-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738368000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]],"date-time":"2025-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738368000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]],"date-time":"2025-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738368000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Intell. Transport. Syst."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tits.2024.3509339","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,11]],"date-time":"2024-12-11T02:49:51Z","timestamp":1733885391000},"page":"1395-1418","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["A Comprehensive Survey on Conflict Detection and Resolution in Unmanned Aircraft System Traffic Management"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8875-8988","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asma","family":"Hamissi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ENSI, University of Manouba, Manouba, Tunisia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2855-6794","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amine","family":"Dhraief","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ESEN, University of Manouba, Manouba, Tunisia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3369-7302","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Layth","family":"Sliman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Efrei Research Lab, Efrei Paris Panthéon Assas University, Paris, France"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paerosci.2024.101005"},{"key":"ref2","volume-title":"European Drones Outlook Study\u2014Unlocking the Value for Europe","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref3","volume-title":"Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) Traffic Management, Concept of Operations. V2.0","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref4","volume-title":"U-space Concept of Operations","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICTC52510.2021.9621120"},{"key":"ref6","volume-title":"Worldwide Drone Incidents","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref7","article-title":"A survey on unmanned aerial vehicle collision avoidance systems","author":"Pham","year":"2015","journal-title":"arXiv:1508.07723"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"1","article-title":"A survey of collision avoidance systems for autonomous unmanned aerial vehicle","volume-title":"Proc. 1st Int. Workshop Intell. Softw. Eng.","volume":"3362","author":"Kim"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.3000064"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIEA.2010.5516808"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2016.2612119"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-17765-6_18"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engappai.2022.105321"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s23156810"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cja.2020.05.009"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.51785\/jar.1393271"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2024.3375893"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICUAS48674.2020.9214031"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3617992"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1729881419839596"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2022.3176400"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2909530"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2018.05.004"},{"key":"ref24","volume-title":"Google\u2019s Wing Introduces New Delivery Drone With Double the Payload","author":"Daleo","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref25","volume-title":"Amazon Pledges Parcels in an Hour Using Drone Deliveries","author":"Simpson","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref26","volume-title":"Air Taxi by Wisk","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref27","volume-title":"NASA Flies Drones Autonomously for Air Taxi Research","author":"Singh","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2019.2906228"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICTC.2018.8539587"},{"issue":"14","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6297","DOI":"10.3390\/s23146297","article-title":"Vision-based in-flight collision avoidance control based on background subtraction using embedded system","volume":"23","author":"Park","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tra.2022.01.006","article-title":"Economic policy choices and trade-offs for unmanned aircraft systems traffic management (UTM): Insights from Europe and the United States","volume":"157","author":"Decker","year":"2022","journal-title":"Transp. Res. A, Policy Pract."},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssci.2021.105273","article-title":"Factors affecting unmanned aerial vehicles\u2019 safety: A post-occurrence exploratory data analysis of drones\u2019 accidents and incidents in Australia","volume":"139","author":"Ghasri","year":"2021","journal-title":"Saf. Sci."},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/job.4030130307"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paerosci.2008.08.001","article-title":"On unmanned aircraft systems issues, challenges and operational restrictions preventing integration into the national airspace system","volume":"44","author":"Dalamagkidis","year":"2008","journal-title":"Prog. Aerosp. Sci."},{"key":"ref35","volume-title":"UAS Traffic Management Conflict Management Model","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref36","first-page":"1","article-title":"Pilot evaluation of a UAS detect-and-avoid system\u2019s effectiveness in remaining well clear","volume-title":"Proc. 11th USA\/Europe Air Traffic Manage. Res. Develop. Seminar (ATM)","author":"Santiago"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-6596\/2526\/1\/012092"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/iciea.2009.5138546"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tmc.2017.2750144"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/1.g002607"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5139\/ijass.2009.10.1.037"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s22239230"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref43","first-page":"112","article-title":"Detection and resolution strategy of UAV low-altitude conflict based on geometric relations","volume":"33","author":"Rentian","year":"2023","journal-title":"China Saf. Sci. J."},{"issue":"3","key":"ref44","first-page":"391","article-title":"Autonomous unmanned aircraft collision avoidance system based on geometric intersection","volume":"6","author":"Albaker","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Phys. Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"ref45","article-title":"Tactical conflict resolution in urban airspace for unmanned aerial vehicles operations using attention-based deep reinforcement learning","volume":"2","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Green Energy Intell. Transp."},{"issue":"9","key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.3390\/aerospace10090781","article-title":"Risk assessment method for UAV\u2019s sense and avoid system based on multi-parameter quantification and Monte Carlo simulation","volume":"10","author":"Fitrikananda","year":"2023","journal-title":"Aerospace"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1757-899X\/152\/1\/012035"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adhoc.2022.103078","article-title":"FFP: A force field protocol for the tactical management of UAV conflicts","volume":"140","author":"Wubben","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ad Hoc Netw."},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-6596\/2083\/4\/042029"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-6596\/1948\/1\/012060"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2020.106168"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPICS55264.2022.9873606"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ress.2022.108399","article-title":"UAV path optimization with an integrated cost assessment model considering third-party risks in metropolitan environments","volume":"222","author":"Pang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Rel. Eng. Syst. Saf."},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2023.3290682"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DASC50938.2020.9256690"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2954987"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2018.2889459"},{"issue":"16","key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5649","DOI":"10.3390\/s21165649","article-title":"A tactical conflict resolution proposal for U-space Zu airspace volumes","volume":"21","author":"Jover","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpace.2023.1184094"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICUAS48674.2020.9213929"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3995","DOI":"10.3390\/app11093995","article-title":"Unmanned aerial traffic management system architecture for U-space in-flight services","volume":"11","author":"Capit\u00e1n","year":"2021","journal-title":"Appl. Sci."},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DASC50938.2020.9256776"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2023.3329029"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/REDUAS47371.2019.8999705"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNNLS.2022.3209154"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICUFN.2018.8436950"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IROS.2017.8206247"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LRA.2018.2795643"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IROS.2018.8594204"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/6.2006-6541"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/ACC.2018.8430891"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/rs13132643"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tnn.1998.712192"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LRA.2020.2974648"},{"key":"ref75","article-title":"Autonomous UAV navigation using reinforcement learning","author":"Pham","year":"2018","journal-title":"arXiv:1801.05086"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.3390\/aerospace9090472","article-title":"Distributed conflict resolution at high traffic densities with reinforcement learning","volume":"9","author":"Ribeiro","year":"2022","journal-title":"Aerospace"},{"key":"ref77","first-page":"8","article-title":"Determining optimal conflict avoidance manoeuvres at high densities with reinforcement learning","volume-title":"Proc. 10th SESAR Innov. Days, Virtual Conf.","author":"Ribeiro"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2021.3118949"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICUAS54217.2022.9836139"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3201962"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DASC43569.2019.9081749"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICUAS57906.2023.10156232"},{"key":"ref83","first-page":"1","article-title":"Learning-to-fly: Learning-based collision avoidance for scalable urban air mobility","volume-title":"Proc. IEEE 23rd Int. Conf. Intell. Transp. Syst. (ITSC)","author":"Rodionova"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISCAS45731.2020.9181245"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.3390\/drones7080491","article-title":"Adaptive collision avoidance for multiple UAVs in urban environments","volume":"7","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Drones"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICAR53236.2021.9659413"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/CNSM55787.2022.9964907"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app12020610"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IcETRAN59631.2023.10192168"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.37934\/araset.30.3.6978"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s23219013"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/act12020057"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TASE.2022.3183610"},{"key":"ref94","article-title":"A machine learning approach for conflict resolution in dense traffic scenarios with uncertainties","volume-title":"Proc. 13th USA\/Europe Air Traffic Manage. Res. Develop. Seminar","author":"Pham"},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20517\/ces.2023.24"},{"key":"ref96","article-title":"Curiosity-driven reinforcement learning based low-level flight control","author":"Ramezani Dooraki","year":"2023","journal-title":"arXiv:2307.15724"},{"key":"ref97","first-page":"9","article-title":"Improving safety of vertical manoeuvres in a layered airspace with deep reinforcement learning","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Res. Air Transp. (ICRAT)","author":"Groot"},{"key":"ref98","volume-title":"Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning: Foundations and Modern Approaches","author":"Albrecht","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref99","article-title":"A deep multi-agent reinforcement learning approach to autonomous separation assurance","author":"Brittain","year":"2020","journal-title":"arXiv:2003.08353"},{"key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2024.3351049"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/6.2021-1952"},{"key":"ref102","article-title":"Multi-UAV collision avoidance using multi-agent reinforcement learning with counterfactual credit assignment","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"arXiv:2204.08594"},{"key":"ref103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/drones7020078"},{"key":"ref104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/drones7050327"},{"key":"ref105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3605098.3635976"},{"key":"ref106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-6596\/2526\/1\/012088"},{"key":"ref107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trc.2022.103808"},{"key":"ref108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICUAS54217.2022.9836147"},{"key":"ref109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/aerospace9120847"},{"key":"ref110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICRA48506.2021.9561204"},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.3011211"},{"key":"ref112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3273164"},{"key":"ref113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICUAS.2017.7991523"},{"key":"ref114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2020.3048356"},{"key":"ref115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.58940\/2374-6793.1815"},{"key":"ref116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VTC2020-Fall49728.2020.9348605"},{"key":"ref117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3092039"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/6979\/10871168\/10790924.pdf?arnumber=10790924","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,5]],"date-time":"2025-02-05T06:19:35Z","timestamp":1738736375000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/10790924\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"references-count":117,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tits.2024.3509339","relation":{},"ISSN":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1524-9050","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-0016","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]}}}