{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T18:09:46Z","timestamp":1793815786507,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U23A20680"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U23A20680"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52271306"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52271306"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"General Project of the National Defense Basic Science Research Program of China","award":["JCKY2022410C013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JCKY2022410C013"]}]},{"name":"National Plan for the Special Support for Top-Notch Talents of China","award":["SQ2022QB00329"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SQ2022QB00329"]}]},{"name":"Liaoning Leading Talent Project","award":["XLYC2202005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XLYC2202005"]}]},{"name":"Major Basic Research Project of Dalian Science and Technology Innovation Fund","award":["2023JJ11CG009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023JJ11CG009"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["3132023501"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3132023501"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Intell. Transport. Syst."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tits.2025.3588549","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,21]],"date-time":"2025-07-21T18:10:09Z","timestamp":1753121409000},"page":"21245-21256","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Underactuated Navigation Actor-Critic Deep Reinforcement Learning Framework for Holistic Path Planning of Uncrewed Surface Vehicles"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1745-1425","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ning","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Marine Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuli","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Maritime Technology and Safety and Dalian Key Laboratory of Green Power Control and Test for Intelligent Ships, Dalian, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6446-8831","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chidong","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Maritime Technology and Safety and Dalian Key Laboratory of Green Power Control and Test for Intelligent Ships, Dalian, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zaijin","family":"You","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Transportation Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaeng.2020.102088"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2019.2947845"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oceaneng.2023.115255"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2024.3364770"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2021.101421"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIM.2019.2963515"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2021.3136670"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2022.3170322"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2019.05.029"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oceaneng.2022.111328"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMC.2015.2500027"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oceaneng.2024.117210"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oceaneng.2018.10.008"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oceaneng.2023.115381"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oceaneng.2023.113759"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oceaneng.2020.108268"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apor.2018.12.001"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oceaneng.2017.07.021"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2023.3325234"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2020.2991220"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2019.105201"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oceaneng.2022.111655"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oceaneng.2023.113632"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2024.3478319"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oceaneng.2023.115577"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oceaneng.2023.116313"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNNLS.2020.3009214"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNNLS.2021.3056444"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oceaneng.2022.110631"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oceaneng.2023.114016"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oceaneng.2023.114005"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dt.2022.09.014"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TASE.2023.3319510"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oceaneng.2023.113661"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNNLS.2022.3146976"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oceaneng.2023.115783"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3053348"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119994138"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2023.3310430"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2019.2922823"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.1812.05905"},{"key":"ref42","first-page":"1352","article-title":"Reinforcement learning with deep energy-based policies","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Mach. Learn.","author":"Haarnoja"},{"key":"ref43","first-page":"1861","article-title":"Soft actor-critic: Off-policy maximum entropy deep reinforcement learning with a stochastic actor","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Mach. Learn.","author":"Haarnoja"},{"key":"ref44","volume-title":"Peaceful-Pie","author":"Perkins","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01431160802549278"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2017.06.066"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oceaneng.2023.114636"},{"key":"ref48","first-page":"9046","article-title":"Unmanned surface vehicle track controller design based on fuzzy adaptive pid control algorithm","volume-title":"Proc. 42nd Chin. Control Conf. (CCC)","author":"Liu"},{"key":"ref49","first-page":"387","article-title":"Deterministic policy gradient algorithms","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Mach. Learn.","author":"Silver"},{"key":"ref50","article-title":"Proximal policy optimization algorithms","author":"Schulman","year":"2017","journal-title":"arXiv:1707.06347"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2021.3069908"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2024.3367166"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/6979\/11241045\/11087740.pdf?arnumber=11087740","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T18:43:25Z","timestamp":1762973005000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11087740\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tits.2025.3588549","relation":{},"ISSN":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1524-9050","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-0016","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}}}