{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T16:30:26Z","timestamp":1776443426086,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Intell. Transport. Syst."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tits.2025.3631275","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T18:47:05Z","timestamp":1763491625000},"page":"531-543","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Unraveling Urban Mobility: A Domain Knowledge-Free Trajectory Classification Using Gramian Angular Fields"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4592-8975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriel O.","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Italian National Reserch Council (CNR-IEIIT), Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2258-8971","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabrizio","family":"Dabbene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Italian National Reserch Council (CNR-IEIIT), Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0458-2004","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Malandrino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Italian National Reserch Council (CNR-IEIIT), Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3186-6195","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chiara","family":"Ravazzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Italian National Reserch Council (CNR-IEIIT), Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BRACIS.2019.00141"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trc.2013.09.015"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trc.2017.11.021"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.softx.2023.101306"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-30047-9_19"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jth.2020.100944"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compenvurbsys.2021.101726"},{"key":"ref8","article-title":"You only look once: Unified, real-time object detection","author":"Redmon","year":"2015","journal-title":"arXiv:1506.02640"},{"key":"ref9","article-title":"EfficientNet: Rethinking model scaling for convolutional neural networks","author":"Tan","year":"2019","journal-title":"arXiv:1905.11946"},{"key":"ref10","first-page":"1","article-title":"Encoding time series as images for visual inspection and classification using tiled convolutional neural networks","volume-title":"Proc. AAAI Workshops","author":"Wang"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01199431"},{"key":"ref12","article-title":"Spatially encoding temporal correlations to classify temporal data using convolutional neural networks","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"arXiv:1509.07481"},{"key":"ref13","first-page":"3939","article-title":"Imaging time-series to improve classification and imputation","volume-title":"Proc. 24th Int. Conf. Artif. Intell.","author":"Wang"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2955555"},{"key":"ref15","first-page":"273","article-title":"Electroencephalogram analysis based on gramian angular field transformation","volume-title":"Proc. CEUR Workshop","author":"Bragin","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.2967900"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JAS.2020.1003132"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.3021007"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s21227762"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.107.034138"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2024.3445710"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijtst.2021.10.007"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2024.3445652"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2019.2951165"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/springerreference_63468"},{"key":"ref26","volume-title":"Linear Algebra and Its Applications","author":"Lay","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5772\/intechopen.1004810"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/69.908985"},{"issue":"46","key":"ref29","first-page":"1","article-title":"Pyts: A Python package for time series classification","volume":"21","author":"Faouzi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Mach. Learn. Res."},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2018.00474"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.90"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VNC.2017.8275627"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2021.3123824"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2021.3062072"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tiv.2023.3296190"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VNC52810.2021.9644669"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1409635.1409677"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2019.2962613"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2024.3397609"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/6979\/11322649\/11258590.pdf?arnumber=11258590","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]],"date-time":"2026-01-02T18:17:23Z","timestamp":1767377843000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11258590\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tits.2025.3631275","relation":{},"ISSN":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1524-9050","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-0016","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}}}