{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T22:22:51Z","timestamp":1778883771823,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CNS-1840714"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CNS-1840714"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CNS-1527153"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CNS-1527153"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CNS-1526254"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CNS-1526254"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Florida FC<sup>2<\/sup> Center"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tkde.2020.2975170","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,19]],"date-time":"2020-02-19T21:53:58Z","timestamp":1582149238000},"page":"3648-3661","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Towards De-Anonymization of Google Play Search Rank Fraud"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Mizanur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nestor","family":"Hernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4950-9751","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bogdan","family":"Carbunar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9824-3323","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Duen Horng","family":"Chau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-23528-8_17"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2660267.2660269"},{"key":"ref33","first-page":"239","article-title":"Understanding belief propagation and its generalizations","volume":"8","author":"yedidia","year":"2003","journal-title":"Exploring Artificial Intelligence in the New Millennium"},{"key":"ref32","article-title":"The JStylo open source project on open hub","year":"0"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/popets-2016-0021"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2070710.2070716"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2488388.2488400"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2187836.2187847"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3209542.3209555"},{"key":"ref34","author":"koller","year":"2009","journal-title":"Probabilistic Graphical Models Principles and Techniques"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1137\/1.9781611974348.12"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3097983.3097995"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2187836.2187863"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDM.2017.56"},{"key":"ref13","first-page":"175","article-title":"Exploiting burstiness in reviews for review spammer detection","volume":"13","author":"fei","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc 7th Int Conf Weblogs Soc Media"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2487575.2487580"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3038912.3052582"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1137\/1.9781611974348.56"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2983323.2983695"},{"key":"ref18","first-page":"2","article-title":"Opinion fraud detection in online reviews by network effects","author":"akoglu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc 7th Int Conf Weblogs Soc Media"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2939672.2939747"},{"key":"ref28","first-page":"21","article-title":"Global min-cuts in RNC, and other ramifications of a simple min-cut algorithm","volume":"93","author":"karger","year":"1993","journal-title":"Proc 9th Annual ACM-SIAM Symp on Discrete Algorithms"},{"key":"ref4","year":"0"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2623330.2623732"},{"key":"ref3","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref6","year":"0"},{"key":"ref29","first-page":"309","article-title":"Finding deceptive opinion spam by any stretch of the imagination","author":"ott","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc 49th Annu Meeting Assoc Comput Linguistics Hum Lang Technol"},{"key":"ref5","year":"0"},{"key":"ref8","year":"0"},{"key":"ref7","year":"0"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.1928601"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3052973.3053022"},{"key":"ref1","article-title":"Yelp study shows extra half-star nets restaurants 19 reservations","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SP.2012.46"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2783258.2783370"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1344411.1344413"},{"key":"ref22","article-title":"Google starts filtering fraudulent app reviews from play store","author":"cipriani","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref21","first-page":"2","article-title":"Opinion fraud detection in online reviews by network effects","author":"akoglu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc 7th Int AAAI Conf Weblogs Soc Media"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1137\/1.9781611972825.81"},{"key":"ref24","first-page":"409","article-title":"What yelp fake review filter might be doing","author":"mukherjee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc 7th Int Conf Weblogs Soc Media"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDM.2011.124"},{"key":"ref23","article-title":"Amazon bans incentivized reviews tied to free or discounted products","author":"perez","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2806416.2806573"},{"key":"ref26","year":"0"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2566486.2576889"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2736277.2741098"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/ielam\/69\/9560665\/9003210-aam.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/69\/9560665\/09003210.pdf?arnumber=9003210","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,10]],"date-time":"2022-05-10T14:50:49Z","timestamp":1652194249000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/9003210\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tkde.2020.2975170","relation":{},"ISSN":["1041-4347","1558-2191","2326-3865"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1041-4347","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-2191","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2326-3865","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]]}}}