{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T15:43:05Z","timestamp":1782834185780,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]],"date-time":"2024-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714521600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]],"date-time":"2024-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714521600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]],"date-time":"2024-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714521600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"name":"Joint Technology and Innovation Research Centre"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001775","name":"University of Technology Sydney","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001775","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"VNU Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62071193"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62071193"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Key R & D Program of Hubei Province of China","award":["2021EHB015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021EHB015"]}]},{"name":"Key R & D Program of Hubei Province of China","award":["2020BAA002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020BAA002"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018919","name":"Peng Cheng Laboratory","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["PCL2021A12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PCL2021A12"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018919","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001381","name":"National Research Foundation, Singapore","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001381","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008629","name":"Infocomm Media Development Authority","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008629","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Future Communications Research and Development Programme"},{"name":"DSO National Laboratories"},{"name":"AI Singapore Programme","award":["AISG2-RP-2020-019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AISG2-RP-2020-019"]}]},{"name":"Energy Research Test-Bed and Industry Partnership Funding Initiative"},{"name":"DesCartes and the Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise"},{"name":"MOE Tier 1","award":["RG87\/22"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RG87\/22"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. on Mobile Comput."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tmc.2023.3290955","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]],"date-time":"2023-06-30T17:32:45Z","timestamp":1688146365000},"page":"4348-4361","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["MetaShard: A Novel Sharding Blockchain Platform for Metaverse Applications"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6461-4560","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cong T.","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Data Engineering, University of Technology Sydney,, Sydney, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9528-0863","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dinh Thai","family":"Hoang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Data Engineering, University of Technology Sydney,, Sydney, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2659-8648","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diep N.","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Data Engineering, University of Technology Sydney,, Sydney, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3230-8758","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yong","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic Information and Communications, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7442-7416","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dusit","family":"Niyato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4268-9286","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eryk","family":"Dutkiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Data Engineering, University of Technology Sydney,, Sydney, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VTC2022-Spring54318.2022.9860983"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2022.3202047"},{"key":"ref3","article-title":"All one needs to know about Metaverse: A complete survey on technological singularity, virtual ecosystem, and research agenda","author":"Lee","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engappai.2022.105581"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781394160013"},{"key":"ref6","article-title":"Next for the metaverse: Convincing you it\u2019s not just for kids","volume-title":"CNBC","author":"Kovach","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref7","article-title":"Impossible is (probably) nothing","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref8","article-title":"Microsoft makes a ${\\$}$$69 billion down payment on the Metaverse","author":"Frier","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/6GNet54646.2022.9830429"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2896108"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2020.2969706"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2925010"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tsc.2023.3240235"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3206457"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ett.4658"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3205739"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3243734.3243853"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2022.3213350"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2976749.2978389"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3299869.3319889"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPDS.2022.3227198"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2021.3051607"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2020.3028449"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SP.2018.000-5"},{"key":"ref25","first-page":"1","article-title":"Dynamic blockchain sharding","volume-title":"Proc. 5th Int. Symp. Found. Appl. Blockchain","author":"Tennakoon","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BigData50022.2020.9377899"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDE51399.2021.00165"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-27228-1"},{"key":"ref29","article-title":"Jump in and be a part of meta horizon worlds","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2976749.2978309"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.2965147"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MNET.001.1800290"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-48405-1_10"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MNET.2018.1700344"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CyberC.2019.00018"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2961065"},{"key":"ref37","article-title":"Validated, staking on eth2: #3 - sharding consensus","volume-title":"Ethereum","author":"Beekhuizen","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2022.108860"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BigData55660.2022.10020971"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2021.08.111"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2020.2995371"},{"key":"ref42","article-title":"Welcome to Decentraland","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref43","article-title":"What is SAND?","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref44","article-title":"Welcome to MetaSpace","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref45","volume-title":"Advanced Algorithms","author":"Goemans","year":"1994"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11081-018-9411-8"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/cbo9780511804441"},{"key":"ref48","volume-title":"Probability and Computing: Randomization and Probabilistic Techniques in Algorithms and Data Analysis","author":"Mitzenmacher","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-68279-0_8"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnca.2019.102471"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/7755\/10491282\/10169892.pdf?arnumber=10169892","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,9]],"date-time":"2024-04-09T20:08:31Z","timestamp":1712693311000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/10169892\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tmc.2023.3290955","relation":{},"ISSN":["1536-1233","1558-0660","2161-9875"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1536-1233","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-0660","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2161-9875","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]}}}