{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T23:40:31Z","timestamp":1780357231733,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["2022YFB2902200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFB2902200"]}]},{"name":"General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["62471064"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62471064"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001321","name":"National Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001321","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Singapore and Infocomm Media Development Authority"},{"name":"Future Communications Research & Development Programme"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U24B20131"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U24B20131"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004826","name":"Beijing Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["L242012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["L242012"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. on Mobile Comput."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tmc.2025.3558793","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,8]],"date-time":"2025-04-08T14:15:12Z","timestamp":1744121712000},"page":"8683-8699","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Plugging and Breathing on the Air: A Practical Defense System for Deep Learning-Based Wireless Semantic Communications"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2332-8386","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chenyang","family":"Qiu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Research Center for Mobile Network Technologies, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1987-2736","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guoshun","family":"Nan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Research Center for Mobile Network Technologies, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruiwen","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Research Center for Mobile Network Technologies, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wendi","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Research Center for Mobile Network Technologies, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yufan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Research Center for Mobile Network Technologies, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4457-4722","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuchong","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Software and BNRist, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Di","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Research Center for Mobile Network Technologies, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meng","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Quebec AI Institute, Mila, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhuoran","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Research Center for Mobile Network Technologies, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-7557-0991","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qianlong","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Research Center for Mobile Network Technologies, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1720-220X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qimei","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Research Center for Mobile Network Technologies, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4245-5989","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaodong","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9518-1622","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaofeng","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Research Center for Mobile Network Technologies, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4037-3149","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tony Q.S.","family":"Quek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","article-title":"IMT traffic estimates for the years 2020 to 2030","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref2","article-title":"IMT towards 2030 and beyond","year":"2030"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2023.3317092"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11432-024-4337-1"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2021.3098049"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tvt.2025.3529460"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2022.3159697"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2022.3223408"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCCN.2019.2919300"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAIT.2020.2987203"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MWC.001.2300346"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.001.2300807"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.006.2200878"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IWQoS61813.2024.10682897"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tccn.2025.3528891"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2023.3288249"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2022.3148690"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2023.3273222"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOBECOM48099.2022.10000901"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2021.3112967"},{"key":"ref21","article-title":"Explaining and harnessing adversarial examples","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Learn. Representations","author":"Goodfellow"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/ARXIV.1706.06083"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/26.871393"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/26.891214"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2006.1576535"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4018\/ijcac.297094"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00500-019-04220-y"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VTC2022-Fall57202.2022.10012766"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2025.3526601"},{"key":"ref30","article-title":"(certified!!) adversarial robustness for free!","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Learn. Representations","author":"Carlini"},{"key":"ref31","first-page":"6840","article-title":"Denoising diffusion probabilistic models","volume-title":"Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","author":"Ho"},{"key":"ref32","first-page":"8162","article-title":"Improved denoising diffusion probabilistic models","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Mach. Learn.","author":"Nichol"},{"key":"ref33","first-page":"16805","article-title":"Diffusion models for adversarial purification","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Mach. Learn.","author":"Nie"},{"key":"ref34","first-page":"6470","article-title":"Gradient episodic memory for continual learning","volume-title":"Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","author":"Lopez-Paz"},{"key":"ref35","article-title":"Error sensitivity modulation based experience replay: Mitigating abrupt representation drift in continual learning","volume-title":"Proc. 11th Int. Conf. Learn. Representations","author":"Sarfraz"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-58565-5_6"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WCNC57260.2024.10570951"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2024.3520707"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2024.3406375"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/JCC.2024.10606406"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/e26020102"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CCNC51664.2024.10454639"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/mcom.005.2400366"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2025.3534562"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnca.2025.104181"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LWC.2024.3448474"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ANTS63515.2024.10898521"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2024.3373808"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2024.3480519"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00530-024-01651-y"},{"key":"ref51","article-title":"Gradient-free adversarial purification with diffusion models","author":"Dai","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref52","article-title":"Towards a mathematical theory for consistency training in diffusion models","volume-title":"Proc. 28th Int. Conf. Artif. Intell. Statist.","author":"Li"},{"key":"ref53","article-title":"Erasing noise in signal detection with diffusion model: From theory to application","author":"Wang","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/twc.2025.3535714"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2024.3379244"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2024.3367329"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1611835114"},{"key":"ref58","article-title":"Continual learning for large language models: A survey","author":"Wu","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2024.3524609"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSE.2025.3544614"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2024.3447123"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.2009.5307460"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/26.809701"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-12306-2"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1736359"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0079-6123(07)00020-9"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0749-596X(88)90028-9"},{"key":"ref68","article-title":"Pytorch","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2021.3071210"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2017.7952190"},{"key":"ref71","article-title":"Few-shot domain adaptation for end-to-end communication","volume-title":"Proc. 11th Int. Conf. Learn. Representations","author":"Raghuram"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2018.00474"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-24574-4_28"},{"key":"ref74","article-title":"Benchmarking neural network robustness to common corruptions and perturbations","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Learn. Representations","author":"Hendrycks"},{"key":"ref75","first-page":"79","article-title":"Europarl: A parallel corpus for statistical machine translation","volume-title":"Proc. Mach. Transl. Summit X: Papers","author":"Koehn"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2021.3087240"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2023.3265201"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3422622"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2023.3240969"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3460120.3484777"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2019.00482"},{"key":"ref82","article-title":"Adversarial attacks on neural network policies","author":"Huang","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3115\/1073083.1073135"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2017.14"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-01252-6_33"},{"key":"ref86","article-title":"Learning to learn without forgetting by maximizing transfer and minimizing interference","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Learn. Representations","author":"Riemer"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCCN.2022.3151935"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/7755\/11116789\/10955414.pdf?arnumber=10955414","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,7]],"date-time":"2025-08-07T17:46:30Z","timestamp":1754588790000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/10955414\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"references-count":87,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tmc.2025.3558793","relation":{},"ISSN":["1536-1233","1558-0660","2161-9875"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1536-1233","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-0660","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2161-9875","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}}}