{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T11:24:05Z","timestamp":1770895445008,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["XHD23F0201"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XHD23F0201"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["92270108"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["92270108"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Foundation of Muyuan Laboratory","award":["14106022401"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["14106022401"]}]},{"name":"Foundation of Muyuan Laboratory","award":["14106022402"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["14106022402"]}]},{"name":"Research Center for Industries of the Future (RCIF) at Westlake University"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005625","name":"Westlake Education Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005625","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tmi.2025.3548872","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]],"date-time":"2025-03-06T13:41:25Z","timestamp":1741268485000},"page":"4116-4127","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["ToPoFM: Topology-Guided Pathology Foundation Model for High-Resolution Pathology Image Synthesis With Cellular-Level Control"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6519-5043","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jingxiong","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5705-3718","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chenglu","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Artificial Intelligence and Biomedical Image Analysis Laboratory, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9005-4875","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sunyi","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, the State Key Laboratory of Druggability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer, the Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5569-5725","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pingyi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1277-4316","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuxuan","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8328-7132","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Honglin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Artificial Intelligence and Biomedical Image Analysis Laboratory, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12553-021-00592-0"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annonc.2021.09.007"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICECOME.2018.8644754"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-019-0403-1"},{"key":"ref5","first-page":"225","article-title":"Generative image translation for data augmentation of bone lesion pathology","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Med. Imag. Deep Learn.","author":"Gupta"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2020.188452"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref7","first-page":"236","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of benign liver tumors","volume-title":"Seminars in Liver Disease","volume":"33","author":"Chiche","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2014.02.004"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52688.2022.01042"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551-021-00751-8"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-53767-7_10"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR42600.2020.00813"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR46437.2021.01268"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52729.2023.00324"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WACV57701.2024.00510"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-43993-3_57"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISPA.2015.7306050"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WACV57701.2024.00505"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JBHI.2020.2975151"},{"key":"ref20","article-title":"On the opportunities and risks of foundation models","author":"Bommasani","year":"2021","journal-title":"arXiv:2108.07258"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-05881-4"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JBHI.2023.3316750"},{"key":"ref23","first-page":"1","article-title":"Stain-transforming cycle-consistent generative adversarial networks for improved segmentation of renal histopathology","volume-title":"Proc. MIDL","author":"de Bel"},{"key":"ref24","first-page":"1406","article-title":"Alleviating tiling effect by random walk sliding window in high-resolution histological whole slide image synthesis","volume":"227","author":"Bao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Proc. Mach. Learn. Res."},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-023-02448-8"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inffus.2025.102963"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-022-00742-2"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-06291-2"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52729.2023.00920"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2020.101840"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV51070.2023.00371"},{"key":"ref32","article-title":"A foundation model for cell segmentation","author":"Israel","year":"2023","journal-title":"arXiv:2311.11004"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52729.2023.01385"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV51070.2023.02073"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3528233.3530757"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2023.102846"},{"key":"ref37","article-title":"Generative adversarial nets","volume-title":"Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","volume":"27","author":"Goodfellow"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.5509"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2020.101816"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41698-023-00399-4"},{"key":"ref41","article-title":"Are GANs created equal? A large-scale study","volume-title":"Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","volume":"31","author":"Lucic"},{"key":"ref42","article-title":"PacGAN: The power of two samples in generative adversarial networks","volume-title":"Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","volume":"31","author":"Lin"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-43898-1_33"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-43987-2_76"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-53767-7_7"},{"issue":"47","key":"ref46","first-page":"1","article-title":"Cascaded diffusion models for high fidelity image generation","volume":"23","author":"Ho","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Mach. Learn. Res."},{"key":"ref47","first-page":"36479","article-title":"Photorealistic text-to-image diffusion models with deep language understanding","volume-title":"Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","volume":"35","author":"Saharia"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52733.2024.00815"},{"key":"ref49","article-title":"PathGen-1.6M: 1.6 million pathology image-text pairs generation through multi-agent collaboration","author":"Sun","year":"2024","journal-title":"arXiv:2407.00203"},{"key":"ref50","article-title":"PathAlign: A vision-language model for whole slide images in histopathology","author":"Ahmed","year":"2024","journal-title":"arXiv:2406.19578"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.labinv.2023.100255"},{"key":"ref52","article-title":"Deep learning with topological signatures","volume-title":"Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","volume":"30","author":"Hofer"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-58580-8_8"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-32239-7_14"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-32226-7_24"},{"key":"ref56","first-page":"2621","article-title":"Geometry score: A method for comparing generative adversarial networks","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Mach. Learn.","author":"Khrulkov"},{"key":"ref57","article-title":"A systematic survey of prompt engineering in large language models: Techniques and applications","author":"Sahoo","year":"2024","journal-title":"arXiv:2402.07927"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3560815"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patter.2025.101260"},{"key":"ref60","article-title":"Visual ChatGPT: Talking, drawing and editing with visual foundation models","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"arXiv:2303.04671"},{"key":"ref61","article-title":"Exploring visual prompts for adapting large-scale models","author":"Bahng","year":"2022","journal-title":"arXiv:2203.17274"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref62","first-page":"9","article-title":"Language models are unsupervised multitask learners","volume":"1","author":"Radford","year":"2019","journal-title":"OpenAI Blog"},{"key":"ref63","first-page":"1877","article-title":"Language models are few-shot learners","volume-title":"Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","volume":"33","author":"Brown"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781351243858-4"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV48922.2021.00951"},{"key":"ref66","article-title":"An image is worth 16\u00d716 words: Transformers for image recognition at scale","author":"Dosovitskiy","year":"2020","journal-title":"arXiv:2010.11929"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/3045118.3045167"},{"key":"ref68","article-title":"Learning with a Wasserstein loss","volume-title":"Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","volume":"28","author":"Frogner"},{"key":"ref69","article-title":"Denoising diffusion implicit models","author":"Song","year":"2020","journal-title":"arXiv:2010.02502"},{"key":"ref70","first-page":"78126","article-title":"DiffInfinite: Large mask-image synthesis via parallel random patch diffusion in histopathology","volume-title":"Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","author":"Aversa"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52729.2023.00982"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/database\/baac093"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btz083"},{"key":"ref74","article-title":"Adam: A method for stochastic optimization","author":"Diederik","year":"2017","journal-title":"arXiv:1412.6980"},{"key":"ref75","article-title":"Decoupled weight decay regularization","author":"Loshchilov","year":"2017","journal-title":"arXiv:1711.05101"},{"key":"ref76","article-title":"Improved precision and recall metric for assessing generative models","volume-title":"Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","volume":"32","author":"Kynk\u00e4\u00e4nniemi"},{"key":"ref77","article-title":"GANs trained by a two time-scale update rule converge to a local Nash equilibrium","volume-title":"Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","volume":"30","author":"Heusel"},{"key":"ref78","first-page":"2127","article-title":"Attention-based deep multiple instance learning","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Mach. Learn.","author":"Ilse"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-24574-4_28"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2019.05.010"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/42\/11218268\/10915718.pdf?arnumber=10915718","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T17:35:33Z","timestamp":1761759333000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/10915718\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"references-count":80,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tmi.2025.3548872","relation":{},"ISSN":["0278-0062","1558-254X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0278-0062","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-254X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}}}