{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T16:00:08Z","timestamp":1772553608582,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,1]],"date-time":"2018-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1538352000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"}],"funder":[{"name":"Jorma Ollila Grant of Nokia Foundation"},{"name":"Central Fund of Finnish Cultural Foundation"},{"name":"AI Grant of Kaute Foundation"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002341","name":"Academy of Finland","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002341","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Tekes Fidipro Program","award":["1849\/31\/2015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1849\/31\/2015"]}]},{"name":"Tekes project","award":["3116\/31\/2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3116\/31\/2017"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["61772419"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61772419"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Multimedia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tmm.2018.2818015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,23]],"date-time":"2018-03-23T18:15:44Z","timestamp":1521828944000},"page":"2706-2721","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Multimodal Framework for Analyzing the Affect of a Group of People"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8897-3517","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaohua","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Abhinav","family":"Dhall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2279-7041","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roland","family":"Goecke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2263-6731","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matti","family":"Pietikainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3694-206X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guoying","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref39","article-title":"A survey of multi-view\n learning","author":"xu","year":"0"},{"key":"ref38","first-page":"1356","article-title":"Superpixel segmentation using linear spectral clustering","author":"li","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Conf Comput Vis Pattern Recognit"},{"key":"ref33","first-page":"2147","article-title":"Estimation\n of human upper body orientation for mobile robotics using an SVM decision tree on monocular images","author":"weinrich","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Intell Robots Syst"},{"key":"ref32","first-page":"401","article-title":"Representing\n shape with a spatial pyramid kernel","author":"bosch","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Image Video Retrieval"},{"key":"ref31","first-page":"236","article-title":"Texture classification based on BIMF monogenic signals","author":"pan","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Asian Conf Comput Vis"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6989(90)90120-A"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1011139631724"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1489","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2010.224","article-title":"Centrist: A visual descriptor for scene categorization","volume":"33","author":"wu","year":"2011","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell"},{"key":"ref35","first-page":"32","article-title":"An HOG-LBP\n human detector with partial occlusion handling","author":"wang","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Int Conf Comput Vis"},{"key":"ref34","first-page":"886","article-title":"Histograms of oriented gradients for human detection","author":"dalal","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Conf Comput Vis Pattern Recognit"},{"key":"ref60","first-page":"593","article-title":"Emotion recognition in the wild using deep neural networks and\n Bayesian classifiers","author":"surace","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Int Conf Multimodal Interaction"},{"key":"ref28","first-page":"2677","article-title":"Monogenic-LBP: A new approach for rotation\n invariant texture classification","author":"zhang","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Int Conf Image Process"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/78.969520"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imavis.2012.09.003"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Event\n detection: Ultra large-scale clustering of facial expression","author":"vandal","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Int Workshop Autom Face Gesture Recogn"},{"key":"ref1","first-page":"485","article-title":"Facial\n expression based automatic album creation","author":"dhall","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Neural Inf Process"},{"key":"ref20","first-page":"1478","article-title":"Automatic recognition of\n emotions and membership in group videos","author":"mou","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Comput Vis Pattern Recog Workshop"},{"key":"ref22","first-page":"1","article-title":"Fisher vector faces in the wild","author":"simonyan","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Brit Mach Vis Conf"},{"key":"ref21","first-page":"143","article-title":"Improving the Fisher kernel for large-scale image classification","author":"perronnin","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Eur Conf Comput Vis"},{"key":"ref24","first-page":"786","article-title":"Local Gabor binary pattern histogram\n sequence (LGBPHS): A novel non-statistical model for face representation and recognition","author":"zhang","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Int Conf Comput Vis"},{"key":"ref23","first-page":"1","article-title":"Fisher encoded convolutional\n bag-of-windows for efficient image retrieval and social image tagging","author":"uricchio","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Int Conf Comput Vis Workshop"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2002.1017623"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2002.999679","article-title":"Gabor feature based classification using the enhanced Fisher linear discriminant model for face\n recognition","volume":"11","author":"liu","year":"2002","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Image Process"},{"key":"ref50","first-page":"2169","article-title":"Beyond bag\n of features: Spatial pyramid matching for recognizing natural scene categories","author":"lazebnik","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Conf Comput Vis Pattern Recognit"},{"key":"ref51","first-page":"1150","article-title":"Object recognition from local scale-invariant features","author":"lowe","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Int Conf Comput Vis"},{"key":"ref59","first-page":"487","article-title":"Happiness level prediction with sequential inputs via\n multiple regressions","author":"li","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Int Conf Multimodal Interaction"},{"key":"ref58","first-page":"451","article-title":"LSTM for dynamic emotion and group emotion recognition in\n the wild","author":"sun","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Int Conf Multimodal Interaction"},{"key":"ref57","first-page":"437","article-title":"A deep look into group happiness prediction from images","author":"cerekovic","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Int Conf Multimodal Interaction"},{"key":"ref56","first-page":"1","article-title":"Return of the devil in the details:\n Delving deep into convolutional networks","author":"chatfield","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Brit Mach Vis Conf"},{"key":"ref55","first-page":"1","article-title":"Very deep convolutional networks for large-scale image recognition","author":"simonyan","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Learn Represent"},{"key":"ref54","first-page":"236","article-title":"Blur insensitive texture classification using local phase quantization","author":"ojansivu","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Image Signal Process"},{"key":"ref53","first-page":"143","article-title":"Improving\n the Fisher kernel for large-scale image classification","author":"perronin","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Eur Conf Comput Vis"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2013.2259841"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMM.2013.2269314"},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"1","article-title":"The more the merrier: analysing the affect of a group of people in\n images","author":"dhall","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Int Conf on Auto Face and Gesture Recog"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2016.06.010"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"1","article-title":"Group-level arousal and\n valence recognition in static images: Face, body and context","author":"mou","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Int Conf on Auto Face and Gesture Recog"},{"key":"ref13","first-page":"492","article-title":"Relative body parts movement for automatic\n depression analysis","author":"joshi","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Affective Comput Intell Interaction"},{"key":"ref14","first-page":"875","article-title":"Tallking heads: Detecting humans and recognizing their interaction","author":"hoai","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Conf Comput Vis Pattern Recognit"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2008.05.003"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2013.00810"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhj066"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/scan\/nsn021"},{"key":"ref19","first-page":"255","article-title":"A temporally piece-wise fisher vector approach for depression analysis","author":"dhall","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Affective Comput Intell Interaction"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/obhd.2001.2974"},{"key":"ref3","first-page":"81","article-title":"Group emotion: A view from top and bottom","volume":"1","author":"bars\u00e4de","year":"1998","journal-title":"Research on Managing Groups and Teams"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAFFC.2015.2397456"},{"key":"ref5","first-page":"613","article-title":"Finding happiest moments in a social\n context","author":"dhall","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Asian Conf Comput Vis"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMM.2006.886310"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"1","article-title":"Riesz-based volume local binary pattern and a novel\n group expression model for group happiness intensity analysis","author":"huang","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Brit Mach Vis Conf"},{"key":"ref49","first-page":"1","article-title":"Better appearance models for pictorial structures","author":"eichner","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Brit Mach Vis Conf"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMM.2011.2171334"},{"key":"ref46","first-page":"1425","article-title":"Localized multiple kernel regression","author":"g\u00f6nen","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Pattern Recognit"},{"key":"ref45","first-page":"1","article-title":"Localized multiple kernel learning","author":"g\u00f6nen","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Mach Learn"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMM.2009.2030637"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11263-006-0026-8"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2015.08.012"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2015.2495116"},{"key":"ref44","first-page":"517","article-title":"Multiple kernel learning for emotion recognition\n in the wild","author":"sikka","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Int Conf Multimodal Interaction"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2013.2248710"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Multimedia"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/6046\/8466674\/08323249.pdf?arnumber=8323249","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,26]],"date-time":"2022-01-26T09:07:49Z","timestamp":1643188069000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/8323249\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tmm.2018.2818015","relation":{},"ISSN":["1520-9210","1941-0077"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1520-9210","type":"print"},{"value":"1941-0077","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]}}}