{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T17:54:32Z","timestamp":1790704472371,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,1]],"date-time":"2019-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1556668800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,1]],"date-time":"2019-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1556668800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,1]],"date-time":"2019-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1556668800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000269","name":"Economic and Social Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["HJ-253479"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HJ-253479"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010661","name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["No. 645094"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 645094"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010661","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010661","name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["No. 645378"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 645378"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010661","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Multimedia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tmm.2018.2871949","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,24]],"date-time":"2018-09-24T21:24:34Z","timestamp":1537824274000},"page":"1289-1301","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Dynamic Difficulty Awareness Training for Continuous Emotion Prediction"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8487-0561","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zixing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5776-6849","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jing","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5234-1497","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eduardo","family":"Coutinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6478-8699","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bjorn","family":"Schuller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2017.7952580"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3123266.3123383"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MSP.2017.2699358"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1109\/TAFFC.2015.2446462","article-title":"Prediction-based audiovisual fusion for classification of non-linguistic vocalisations","volume":"7","author":"petridis","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Affect Comput"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2015.526"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2015.7178320"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3133944.3133952"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21437\/Interspeech.2017-512"},{"key":"ref35","first-page":"1","article-title":"Confidence measures for speech emotion recognition: A start","author":"deng","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc of 10th ITG Conf on Speech Communication"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2005.03.007"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAFFC.2015.2457417"},{"key":"ref62","first-page":"2342","article-title":"An empirical exploration of recurrent network architectures","author":"jozefowicz","year":"0","journal-title":"Proceedings of the 32nd Intl Conf on Machine Learning"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3115\/v1\/W14-4012"},{"key":"ref63","article-title":"Adam: A method for stochastic optimization","author":"kingma","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Learn Representations"},{"key":"ref28","first-page":"2180","article-title":"Adaptation of deep neural network acoustic models using factorised i-vectors","author":"karanasou","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc INTERSPEECH"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAFFC.2014.2334294"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2013.6639100"},{"key":"ref65","first-page":"3","article-title":"AVEC 2017–Real-life depression, and affect recognition workshop and challenge","author":"ringeval","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc of International Audio\/Visual Emotion Challenge and Workshop"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203774441"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1390156.1390294"},{"key":"ref67","first-page":"115","article-title":"Cooperative learning and its application to emotion recognition from speech","volume":"23","author":"zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"IEEE\/ACM Trans Audio Speech Lang Process"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0191754"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4018\/jse.2010101605"},{"key":"ref1","first-page":"597","article-title":"Abandoning emotion classes—Towards continuous emotion recognition with modelling of long-range dependencies","author":"w\u00f6llmer","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc INTERSPEECH"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2016.10.007"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/EUSIPCO.2017.8081267"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1553374.1553380"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-24797-2"},{"key":"ref23","article-title":"Curriculum learning for speech emotion recognition from crowdsourced labels","author":"lotfian","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/lmot.2000.1065"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ne.13.030190.000325"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/T-AFFC.2011.9"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TASLP.2017.2759338"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/FG.2013.6553805"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2808196.2811642"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02699930802204677"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118706664"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21437\/Interspeech.2016-998"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2015.177"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21437\/Interspeech.2017-1494"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imavis.2011.12.005"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2015.2418092"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAFFC.2015.2512598"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2988257.2988264"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMM.2017.2766843"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMM.2017.2713408"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTSP.2017.2764438"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2008.52"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imavis.2016.11.020"},{"key":"ref17","first-page":"21","article-title":"An agreement and sparseness-based learning instance selection and its application to subjective speech phenomena","author":"zhang","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc 5th Int Workshop Emotion Social Signals Sentiment Linked Open Data Satellite LREC"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/FG.2017.68"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2014.233"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/1140.001.0001","author":"picard","year":"1997","journal-title":"Affective Computing"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/FG.2011.5771357"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMM.2016.2617741"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMM.2013.2265078"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-24571-8_53"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22\ufffd196","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2821192","article-title":"Leveraging unlabelled data for emotion recognition with enhanced collaborative semi-supervised learning","volume":"6","author":"zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2808196.2811641"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMM.2014.2360798"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/APSIPA.2014.7041743"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2808196.2811640"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2988257.2988258"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CIEL.2014.7015739"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2988257.2988267"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/neco.1997.9.8.1735"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2808196.2811634"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patrec.2014.11.007"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Multimedia"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/6046\/8697173\/08471224.pdf?arnumber=8471224","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,10]],"date-time":"2024-07-10T18:21:58Z","timestamp":1720635718000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/8471224\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"references-count":68,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tmm.2018.2871949","relation":{},"ISSN":["1520-9210","1941-0077"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1520-9210","type":"print"},{"value":"1941-0077","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]}}}