{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T06:13:21Z","timestamp":1774419201165,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,1]],"date-time":"2017-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1506816000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61300111"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61300111"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61472103"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61472103"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"Key Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61133003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61133003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DP-140102164"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DP-140102164"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FT-130101457"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FT-130101457"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LE140100061"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LE140100061"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000266","name":"UK EPSRC","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EP\/G034303\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EP\/G034303\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000266","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000266","name":"UK EPSRC","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EP\/N508664\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EP\/N508664\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000266","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000266","name":"UK EPSRC","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EP\/N011074\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EP\/N011074\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000266","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Neural Netw. Learning Syst."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tnnls.2016.2586194","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,19]],"date-time":"2016-07-19T14:03:03Z","timestamp":1468936983000},"page":"2357-2370","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":77,"title":["A Biologically Inspired Appearance Model for Robust Visual Tracking"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5200-3420","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shengping","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Xiangyuan","family":"Lan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Hongxun","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Huiyu","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Dacheng","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Xuelong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2013.87"},{"key":"ref72","first-page":"1830","article-title":"Real time robust L1 tracker using accelerated proximal gradient approach","author":"bao","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Comput Vis Pattern Recognit"},{"key":"ref71","first-page":"583","article-title":"Sparse representation of cast shadows via $\\ell _{1}$ -regularized least squares","author":"mei","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Comput Vis"},{"key":"ref70","first-page":"661","article-title":"Color-based probabilistic tracking","author":"p\u00e9rez","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc Eur Conf Comput Vis"},{"key":"ref74","first-page":"1107","article-title":"Ensemble-based tracking: Aggregating crowdsourced structured time series data","author":"wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Mach Learn"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/381607a0"},{"key":"ref75","first-page":"188","article-title":"Transfer learning based visual tracking with Gaussian processes regression","author":"gao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc Eur Conf Comput Vis"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1038\/14819","article-title":"Hierarchical models of object recognition in cortex","volume":"2","author":"riesenhuber","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nature Neurosci"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2005.205"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2005.177"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:VISI.0000029664.99615.94"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-3203(95)00067-4"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00344251"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1962.sp006837"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2010.5540148"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11263-007-0075-7"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8191289"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2008.4587652"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6989(97)00121-1"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4311","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2006.881199","article-title":"K-SVD: An algorithm for designing overcomplete dictionaries for sparse representation","volume":"54","author":"aharon","year":"2006","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Signal Process"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2014.2300823"},{"key":"ref64","author":"bush","year":"1995","journal-title":"The Cortical Neuron"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSVT.2013.2276145"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/NECO_a_00197"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11263-007-0118-0"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1060","DOI":"10.1109\/TNNLS.2014.2333751","article-title":"Learning to track multiple targets","volume":"26","author":"liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Neural Netw Learn Syst"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2006.68"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-3437-9"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008078328650"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2012.10.006"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2013.312"},{"key":"ref20","first-page":"1822","article-title":"Visual tracking via adaptive structural local sparse appearance model","author":"jia","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Comput Vis Pattern Recognit"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2012.11.016"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1610","DOI":"10.1109\/TNN.2010.2066286","article-title":"Human tracking using convolutional neural networks","volume":"21","author":"fan","year":"2010","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Neural Netw"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2013.10.021"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSVT.2013.2283646"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSVT.2013.2291355"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNNLS.2012.2208654"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2011.6126251"},{"key":"ref51","first-page":"809","article-title":"Learning a deep compact image representation for visual tracking","author":"wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc Neural Inf Process Syst"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7638624"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2012.6247882"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WACV.2012.6162999"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2010.5495369"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2013.312"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2014.2388226"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1442","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2013.230","article-title":"Visual tracking: An experimental survey","volume":"36","author":"smeulders","year":"2014","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2013.142"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNNLS.2015.2411287"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNNLS.2015.2399233"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2005.254"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2015.7298675"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2014.2323992","article-title":"Person reidentification by minimum classification error-based KISS metric learning","volume":"45","author":"tao","year":"2015","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Cybern"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12559-015-9373-5"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2015.2418275"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2008.08.006"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2009.10.013"},{"key":"ref18","first-page":"983","article-title":"Visual tracking with online multiple instance learning","author":"babenko","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Conf Comput Vis Pattern Recognit"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2011.5995730"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sigpro.2014.08.027"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2014.05.006"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2014.2345390"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2015.02.046"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSVT.2015.2406194"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2015.2473662"},{"key":"ref49","first-page":"921","article-title":"The importance of encoding versus training with sparse coding and vector quantization","author":"coates","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc 28th Int Conf Mach Learn"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMM.2015.2463221"},{"key":"ref46","first-page":"1794","article-title":"Linear spatial pyramid matching using sparse coding for image classification","author":"yang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Conf Comput Vis Pattern Recognit"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0262-8856(93)90011-5"},{"key":"ref48","first-page":"215","article-title":"An analysis of single-layer networks in unsupervised feature learning","author":"coates","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc 14th Int Conf Artif Intell Statist"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2005.16"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2009.5459469"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.0040027"},{"key":"ref44","author":"barlow","year":"1961","journal-title":"Possible Principles Underlying the Transformations of Sensory Messages"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0054663"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/5962385\/8038919\/07516592.pdf?arnumber=7516592","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,12]],"date-time":"2022-01-12T11:41:21Z","timestamp":1641987681000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/7516592\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]},"references-count":75,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tnnls.2016.2586194","relation":{},"ISSN":["2162-237X","2162-2388"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2162-237X","type":"print"},{"value":"2162-2388","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]}}}