{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T14:38:45Z","timestamp":1780497525429,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62025303"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62025303"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62450127"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62450127"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"Youth Independent Innovation Science Foundation of NUDT","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZK24-21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZK24-21"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Neural Netw. Learning Syst."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tnnls.2025.3597164","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,26]],"date-time":"2025-08-26T19:22:33Z","timestamp":1756236153000},"page":"20080-20091","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["CRL: An Efficient Autonomous Exploration Framework for Large-Scale Environments With Contrastive-Driven Reinforcement Learning"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4200-3974","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benke","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2532-6272","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hanqiang","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4239-2677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jian","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6047-0731","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yan-Jun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Science, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNNLS.2021.3124466"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.ade9548"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LRA.2019.2891991"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TASE.2023.3285300"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TRO.2023.3236945"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNNLS.2022.3220798"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LRA.2023.3331892"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IROS45743.2020.9341735"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICRA.2015.7139309"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2023.3342457"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15607\/RSS.2017.XIII.070"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2023.3240935"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LRA.2017.2655144"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-95459-8_41"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IROS.2017.8206050"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNNLS.2023.3348422"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40638-016-0055-x"},{"key":"ref18","article-title":"Asynchronous multi-agent reinforcement learning for efficient real-time multi-robot cooperative exploration","author":"Yu","year":"2023","journal-title":"arXiv:2301.03398"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNNLS.2019.2927869"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNNLS.2021.3084827"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IROS55552.2023.10342066"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/6.2019-0396"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CIRA.1997.613851"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01691864.2013.763720"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IROS40897.2019.8967940"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TRO.2023.3245986"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICRA48506.2021.9561328"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMECH.2020.2973327"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LRA.2021.3062008"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LRA.2019.2897343"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rob.21993"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IROS51168.2021.9636473"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15607\/rss.2021.xvii.018"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.adf0970"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LRA.2021.3051563"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LRA.2023.3236573"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IROS58592.2024.10802539"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LRA.2024.3486229"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICRA.2018.8463213"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICRA57147.2024.10610464"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s23104766"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IROS45743.2020.9341657"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICRA48891.2023.10160565"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LRA.2024.3379804"},{"key":"ref45","first-page":"1861","article-title":"Soft actor-critic: Off-policy maximum entropy deep reinforcement learning with a stochastic actor","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Mach. Learn.","author":"Haarnoja"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNNLS.2022.3186512"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNNLS.2025.3540758"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR42600.2020.00975"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2023.3264970"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/3291168.3291210"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TRO.2022.3141876"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/5962385\/11272992\/11142471.pdf?arnumber=11142471","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]],"date-time":"2025-12-03T18:43:22Z","timestamp":1764787402000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11142471\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tnnls.2025.3597164","relation":{},"ISSN":["2162-237X","2162-2388"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2162-237X","type":"print"},{"value":"2162-2388","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}}}