{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T20:12:46Z","timestamp":1778530366729,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":104,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"name":"Management and Consulting Projects of the State Grid Corporation of China","award":["SGHL0000DKJS2310205"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SGHL0000DKJS2310205"]}]},{"name":"National Science Foundation","award":["NSFECCS-2302469"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSFECCS-2302469"]}]},{"name":"Japan Science and Technology Agency Adopting Sustainable Partnerships for Innovative Research Ecosystem","award":["JPMJAP2326"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JPMJAP2326"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Netw. Sci. Eng."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tnse.2026.3683920","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T19:54:23Z","timestamp":1776369263000},"page":"8872-8891","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cloud\u2013Edge Collaborative Digital Twin Modeling With Point Cloud Sampling in Smart City"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-4894-0996","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jinghong","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer and Big Data, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9129-327X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xin","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer and Big Data, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-1949-2363","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haiyang","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Grid Heilongjiang Electric Power Company Limited, Harbin, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7626-0162","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongyang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3961-1426","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomoaki","family":"Ohtsuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information and Computer Science, Keio University, Yokohama, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6606-5822","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhu","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aei.2024.102485"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2024.3430368"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2024.3517657"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2024.3492349"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2024.3496121"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2022.3227641"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSE.2024.3390797"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2023.3310097"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2025.3525704"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enbuild.2025.115523"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jobe.2023.107416"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2023.3310089"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2024.3365718"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2023.109366"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2020.3005434"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSE.2024.3479770"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSE.2023.3338733"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIV.2024.3371974"},{"key":"ref19","first-page":"5099","article-title":"PointNet: Deep hierarchical feature learning on point sets in a metric space","volume-title":"Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","author":"Qi","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3326362"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2024.3372096"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/83.623193"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.00287"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR42600.2020.00760"},{"key":"ref25","first-page":"111","article-title":"Octree-based point-cloud compression","volume-title":"Proc. Eurographics\/IEEE VGTC Conf. Point-Based Graph.","author":"Schnabel","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICRA.2011.5980567"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cagd.2017.11.004"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV51070.2023.01327"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52729.2023.00516"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52729.2023.01695"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMM.2023.3318073"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52733.2024.02648"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-97-8483-7_5"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2025.3540473"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ese.2025.100526"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-023-16838-0"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBC.2024.3517138"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2021.3098508"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2023.3252040"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10462-024-10781-8"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2025.3531222"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2025.3565843"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ese.2024.100433"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2025.3555282"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTARS.2024.3362476"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/RAM.2013.6758588"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3329714.3338130"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIV.2023.3264658"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2022.3195555"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2024.3416302"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MGRS.2019.2937630"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2025.3594355"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNNLS.2020.3015992"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTARS.2020.2969119"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2024.3510932"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scs.2024.105583"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cities.2024.105473"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSG.2025.3545311"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2024.3505838"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2022.3188508"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCC.2024.3362989"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSM.2025.3621548"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSE.2022.3217085"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSE.2025.3624100"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2024.3406591"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2025.3562189"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2022.3194840"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2025.3542428"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2025.3618111"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2025.3575466"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCC.2020.2997008"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSE.2023.3236478"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visinf.2023.06.007"},{"key":"ref74","first-page":"6840","article-title":"Denoising diffusion probabilistic models","volume-title":"Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","author":"Ho","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR46437.2021.00286"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52733.2024.02164"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2025.3584698"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2024.3400011"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s44212-024-00060-w"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2019.00730"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52733.2024.02446"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-72627-9_11"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2024.3355988"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-72691-0_5"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LSP.2024.3449226"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3715916"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LRA.2025.3539547"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TETCI.2024.3467192"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICME57554.2024.10688169"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1150402.1150479"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2024.3361482"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSE.2024.3362903"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR46437.2021.01151"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2023.3262786"},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2024.3429209"},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2023.3344935"},{"key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2020.3023541"},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2024.3486612"},{"key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52733.2024.01964"},{"key":"ref100","article-title":"Estimating or propagating gradients through stochastic neurons for conditional computation","author":"Bengio","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2015.7298801"},{"key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2980179.2980238"},{"key":"ref103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2025.3591189"},{"key":"ref104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2019.00464"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/ielam\/6488902\/11264281\/11481655-aam.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/6488902\/11264281\/11481655.pdf?arnumber=11481655","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T19:47:51Z","timestamp":1778528871000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11481655\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":104,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tnse.2026.3683920","relation":{},"ISSN":["2327-4697","2334-329X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2327-4697","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2334-329X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}}}