{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T11:34:50Z","timestamp":1768908890528,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62192781"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62192781"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62137002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62137002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62172326"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62172326"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62302384"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62302384"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Key Research and Development Project in Shaanxi Province","award":["2022GXLH-01-03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022GXLH-01-03"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"Project of China Knowledge Centre for Engineering Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Netw."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/ton.2026.3651621","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T21:59:27Z","timestamp":1768255167000},"page":"2717-2732","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Concern-Decoupled Architecture for Scenario-Optimized Congestion Control in Large-Scale Live Video CDNs"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-8808-9638","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danfu","family":"Yuan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Technology and the National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analytics, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China"}]},{"given":"Yubing","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alibaba Group, Edge Networking Team, Hangzhou, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0330-5435","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Weizhan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Technology and the National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analytics, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China"}]},{"given":"Mingliang","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alibaba Group, Edge Networking Team, Hangzhou, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1120-7096","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haipeng","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Technology and the National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analytics, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China"}]},{"given":"Zhiwen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Technology and the National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analytics, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China"}]},{"given":"Yiping","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alibaba Group, Edge Networking Team, Hangzhou, China"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","volume-title":"25 Live Streaming Statistics 2023: Facts About Live Streaming In The U.S.","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref2","volume-title":"Alibaba Cloud: Cloud Comput. Services","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNET.2024.3397671"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1400097.1400105"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3009824"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1016590112381"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/190314.190317"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"731","article-title":"Pantheon: The training ground for internet congestion-control research","volume-title":"Proc. USENIX Annu. Tech. Conf. (ATC)","author":"Yan"},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"3050","article-title":"A deep reinforcement learning perspective on internet congestion control","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Mach. Learn.","author":"Jay"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3492321.3519593"},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"343","article-title":"PCC vivace: Online-learning congestion control","volume-title":"Proc. USENIX NSDI","author":"Mo"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"1135","article-title":"Configanator: A data-driven approach to improving CDN performance","volume-title":"Proc. 19th USENIX NSDI Symp.","author":"Naseer"},{"key":"ref13","first-page":"749","article-title":"Config-Snob: Tuning for the best configurations of networking protocol stack","volume-title":"Proc. USENIX ATC","author":"Bin-Yahya"},{"key":"ref14","first-page":"469","article-title":"CherryPick: Adaptively unearthing the best cloud configurations for big data analytics","volume-title":"Proc. 14th USENIX Symp. Netw. Syst. Design Implement.","author":"Alipourfard"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/INFOCOM53939.2023.10229069"},{"key":"ref16","first-page":"588","article-title":"Magpie: Improving the efficiency of A\/B tests for large scale video-on-demand systems","volume-title":"Proc. IMC","author":"Yu"},{"key":"ref17","volume-title":"Wikipedia","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpe.2004.09.008"},{"key":"ref19","volume-title":"What is HTTP-FLV Why It Is Gaining Popularity Over HLS","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref20","volume-title":"Live Streaming Basics","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSVT.2025.3538515"},{"key":"ref22","volume-title":"HTTP-FLV","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNET.2020.3048666"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/52325.52356"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3232755.3232783"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNET.2021.3066262"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3387514.3405850"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPDS.2023.3267731"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3452296.3472893"},{"key":"ref30","first-page":"393","article-title":"Pytheas: Enabling data-driven quality of experience optimization using group-based exploration-exploitation","volume-title":"Proc. USENIX NSDI","author":"Jiang"},{"key":"ref31","first-page":"395","article-title":"PCC: Re-architecting congestion control for consistent high performance","volume-title":"Proc. 12th USENIX Symp. Netw. Syst. Design Implement. (NSDI)","author":"Dong"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3387514.3405892"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3603269.3604838"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3503161.3548436"},{"key":"ref35","volume-title":"Best Practices Live Video Streaming","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref36","first-page":"10358","article-title":"Conservative objective models for effective offline model-based optimization","volume-title":"Proc. ICML","author":"Trabucco"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDCS60910.2024.00030"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNET.2021.3129481"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3664647.3681423"},{"key":"ref40","first-page":"1","article-title":"Bbrv2: A model-based congestion control performance optimization","volume-title":"Proc. IETF 106th Meeting","author":"Cardwell"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3538401.3546596"},{"key":"ref42","volume-title":"Gaussian Processes for Machine Learning","volume":"2","author":"Williams","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/11564096_42"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1561\/1500000016"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3534678.3539065"},{"key":"ref46","first-page":"29454","article-title":"Bidirectional learning for offline infinite-width model-based optimization","volume-title":"Proc. NeurIPS","author":"Can"},{"key":"ref47","first-page":"76619","article-title":"Parallel-mentoring for offline model-based optimization","volume-title":"Proc. NeurIPS","author":"Chen"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3544216.3544236"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMM.2022.3147667"},{"issue":"45","key":"ref50","first-page":"1","article-title":"Throughput fairness index: An explanation","volume":"99","author":"Jain","year":"1999","journal-title":"ATM Forum Contribution"},{"key":"ref51","first-page":"55718","article-title":"Importance-aware co-teaching for offline model-based optimization","volume-title":"Proc. NeurIPS","author":"Yuan"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3098822.3098842"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3544216.3544219"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-12331-3_2"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Networking"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/10723154\/11317935\/11333904.pdf?arnumber=11333904","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T20:54:17Z","timestamp":1768856057000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11333904\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":54,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ton.2026.3651621","relation":{},"ISSN":["2998-4157"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2998-4157","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}}}