{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T16:38:18Z","timestamp":1778258298560,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]],"date-time":"2022-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667260800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]],"date-time":"2022-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667260800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]],"date-time":"2022-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667260800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"name":"IITP","award":["2021-0-01343"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021-0-01343"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tpami.2021.3106790","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,24]],"date-time":"2021-08-24T20:32:43Z","timestamp":1629837163000},"page":"8657-8670","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Toward Real-World Super-Resolution via Adaptive Downsampling Models"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Sanghyun","family":"Son","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of ECE &#x0026; ASRI, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jaeha","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of ECE &#x0026; ASRI, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei-Sheng","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Google, Mountain View, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4848-2304","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ming-Hsuan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Google, Mountain View, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7210-1036","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyoung Mu","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of ECE &#x0026; ASRI, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2017.19"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR42600.2020.00279"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3306346.3323024"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2015.2439281"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2017.618"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW.2017.151"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW.2017.150"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.1809.00219"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-01234-2_18"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2018.00179"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2018.00262"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.00388"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.00175"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2019.00318"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-58598-3_7"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2018.00344"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.00170"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3355089.3356575"},{"key":"ref19","first-page":"284","article-title":"Blind super-resolution kernel estimation using an internal-GAN","volume-title":"Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","author":"Bell-Kligler"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/cvpr.2018.00329"},{"key":"ref21","article-title":"Unsupervised degradation learning for single image super-resolution","author":"Zhao","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR42600.2020.00037"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCVW.2019.00423"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-01231-1_12"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/2969033.2969125"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.182"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-01249-6_16"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-01237-3_32"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.207"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2018.2865304"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW.2018.00131"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2017.514"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2020.2968521"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.181"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2019.00428"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.00399"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.01132"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-58610-2_12"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2018.00082"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-58586-0_28"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-58542-6_17"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.1603.08155"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2017.481"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-01264-9_47"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2018.00068"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2019.00319"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2019.00280"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR42600.2020.00150"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV48922.2021.00475"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2013.121"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2014.371"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR42600.2020.00328"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR42600.2020.01251"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2019.00252"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2017.244"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW50498.2020.00241"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.00182"},{"key":"ref58","article-title":"Unsupervised representation learning with deep convolutional generative adversarial networks","author":"Radford","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref59","first-page":"1","article-title":"Very deep convolutional networks for large-scale image recognition","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Learn. Representations","author":"Simonyan"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2017.632"},{"key":"ref61","article-title":"Instance normalization: The missing ingredient for fast stylization","author":"Ulyanov","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-33715-4_5"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2017.355"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2018.00259"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/34\/9910243\/09521710.pdf?arnumber=9521710","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,25]],"date-time":"2024-06-25T19:56:21Z","timestamp":1719345381000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/9521710\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]]},"references-count":64,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tpami.2021.3106790","relation":{},"ISSN":["0162-8828","2160-9292","1939-3539"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0162-8828","type":"print"},{"value":"2160-9292","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1939-3539","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]]}}}