{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T05:14:47Z","timestamp":1768281287606,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62171422"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62171422"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003995","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2008085MF213"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2008085MF213"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003995","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tpami.2025.3615797","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T17:53:10Z","timestamp":1759168390000},"page":"1573-1589","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Specific Emitter Identification by Edge Pattern Detection and Incremental Open-World Learning"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5150-8387","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jialiang","family":"Gong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Wireless-Optical Communications, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9041-3826","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaodong","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Wireless-Optical Communications, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, China"}]},{"given":"Guo","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Wireless-Optical Communications, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, China"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JRFID.2020.2968369"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2020.2982166"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2022.109455"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3561381"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2015.7298799"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LRA.2020.3010753"},{"key":"ref7","article-title":"A review of open-world learning and steps toward open-world learning without labels","author":"Jafarzadeh","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"1065","article-title":"SHELS: Exclusive feature sets for novelty detection and continual learning without class boundaries","volume-title":"Proc. 1st Conf. Lifelong Learn. Agents","author":"Gummadi"},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"1981","article-title":"Towards unsupervised open world semantic segmentation","volume-title":"Proc. 38th Conf. Uncertainty Artif. Intell.","author":"Uhlemeyer"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2939672.2939835"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/cvpr.2019.00264"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR46437.2021.00577"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2021.findings-emnlp.316"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2022.109027"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTSP.2018.2796446"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSE.2019.2957323"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2020.3001721"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2020.2978620"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2021.3087243"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tpami.2020.2981604"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.173"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-01231-1_38"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.00414"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.00241"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v36i2.20081"},{"key":"ref26","article-title":"Open-set recognition: A good closed-set classifier is all you need","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Learn. Representations","author":"Vaze"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tpami.2021.3106743"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/cvpr46437.2021.00438"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tsp.2021.3070186"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics12051143"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2021.3057446"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-01252-6_33"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.00528"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2017.2773081"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2021.04.062"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2017.587"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2010.188"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-58517-4_41"},{"key":"ref39","article-title":"OBGAN: Minority oversampling near borderline with generative adversarial networks","volume":"197","author":"Wonkeun","year":"2022","journal-title":"Expert Syst. Appl."},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR42600.2020.01226"},{"key":"ref41","article-title":"Progressive neural networks","author":"Rusu","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref42","article-title":"Compacting, picking and growing for unforgetting continual learning","author":"Hung","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref43","article-title":"Understanding catastrophic forgetting and remembering in continual learning with optimal relevance mapping","author":"Kaushik","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref44","article-title":"GROWN: GRow only when necessary for continual learning","author":"Li","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tnse.2021.3103805"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/fi15030102"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR42600.2020.00643"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2018.2858821"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.295.5552.7a"},{"key":"ref50","first-page":"2579","article-title":"Visualizing data using t-SNE","volume":"9","author":"Maaten","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Mach. Learn. Res."},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1242072"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WACV48630.2021.00365"},{"key":"ref53","first-page":"3183","article-title":"Evidential deep learning to quantify classification uncertainty","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","author":"Sensoy"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-36434-X_1"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ieeestd.2003.94282"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/lcomm.2006.1576558"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10618-020-00710-y"},{"key":"ref58","first-page":"14135","article-title":"Posterior meta-replay for continual learning","volume-title":"Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","author":"Henning"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/34\/11345188\/11184645.pdf?arnumber=11184645","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T22:00:49Z","timestamp":1768255249000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11184645\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tpami.2025.3615797","relation":{},"ISSN":["0162-8828","2160-9292","1939-3539"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0162-8828","type":"print"},{"value":"2160-9292","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1939-3539","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}}}