{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T19:29:26Z","timestamp":1773170966518,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62221005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62221005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62136002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62136002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["12201089"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12201089"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Innovation Projects for Studying Abroad and Returning to China","award":["cx2023097"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["cx2023097"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tpami.2025.3645279","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T18:46:02Z","timestamp":1765997162000},"page":"4507-4523","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Novel Approach to GNN Explainability: Distilling Knowledge With Inter-Layer Alignment"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5744-7688","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoxia","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Computational Intelligence, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xingyu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Computational Intelligence, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8521-5232","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guoyin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Brain-Inspired Cognitive Computing and Educational Rehabilitation for Children with Special Needs, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2167-1861","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yongduan","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Data Science, Lingnan University, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3308558.3313488"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2021.690049"},{"key":"ref3","first-page":"1","article-title":"Chemical-reaction-aware molecule representation learning","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Learn. Representations","author":"Wang","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3535101"},{"key":"ref5","first-page":"37511","article-title":"Explaining graph neural networks via nonparametric subgraph matching","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Mach. Learn.","author":"Wu","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2020.08.011"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"15524","article-title":"Interpretable and generalizable graph learning via stochastic attention mechanism","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Mach. Learn.","author":"Miao","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2022.3204236"},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"9244","article-title":"GNNExplainer: Generating explanations for graph neural networks","volume-title":"Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","volume":"32","author":"Ying","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref10","first-page":"12241","article-title":"On explainability of graph neural networks via subgraph explorations","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Mach. Learn.","author":"Yuan","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3394486.3403085"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"1","article-title":"Simple spectral graph convolution","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Learn. Representations","author":"Zhu","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref13","first-page":"11305","article-title":"Semi-supervised classification with graph convolutional networks","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Learn. Representations","author":"Kipf","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref14","article-title":"How powerful are graph neural networks?","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Learn. Representations","author":"Xu","year":"2019"},{"issue":"20","key":"ref15","first-page":"10","article-title":"Graph attention networks","volume":"1050","author":"Velickovic","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stat"},{"key":"ref16","first-page":"14143","article-title":"Building powerful and equivariant graph neural networks with structural message-passing","volume-title":"Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","author":"Vignac","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref17","first-page":"6861","article-title":"Simplifying graph convolutional networks","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Mach. Learn.","author":"Wu","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref18","volume-title":"Efficient Higher-Order Subgraph Attribution via Message Passing","author":"Xiong","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref19","first-page":"1","article-title":"Explainability techniques for graph convolutional networks","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Mach. Learn.","author":"Baldassarre","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IJCNN48605.2020.9207639"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2021.3055564"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3534678.3539315"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24963\/ijcai.2021\/320"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNNLS.2022.3223018"},{"key":"ref25","first-page":"19620","article-title":"Parameterized explainer for graph neural network","volume-title":"Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","author":"Luo","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref26","first-page":"6199","article-title":"Distill n\u2019explain: Explaining graph neural networks using simple surrogates","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Artif. Intell. Statist.","author":"Pereira","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref27","first-page":"1","article-title":"Interpreting graph neural networks for NLP with differentiable edge masking","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Learn. Representations","author":"Schlichtkrull","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aei.2020.101092"},{"key":"ref29","article-title":"On the properties of the softmax function with application in game theory and reinforcement learning","author":"Gao","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref30","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Advanced Linear Algebra: Foundations to Frontiers","author":"van de Geijn","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref31","first-page":"8969","article-title":"Probing GNN explainers: A rigorous theoretical and empirical analysis of GNN explanation methods","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Artif. Intell. Statist.","author":"Agarwal","year":"2022"},{"issue":"209","key":"ref32","first-page":"1","article-title":"Ranking and tuning pre-trained models: A new paradigm for exploiting model hubs","volume":"23","author":"Kaichao","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Mach. Learn. Res."},{"key":"ref33","first-page":"12225","article-title":"PGM-Explainer: Probabilistic graphical model explanations for graph neural networks","volume-title":"Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","author":"Vu","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.143.1.7063747"},{"key":"ref35","first-page":"1","article-title":"F-FIDELITY: A robust framework for faithfulness evaluation of explainable AI","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Learn. Representations","author":"Zheng","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref36","first-page":"1","article-title":"Towards robust fidelity for evaluating explainability of graph neural networks","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Learn. Representations","author":"Zheng","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref37","first-page":"6413","article-title":"How interpretable are interpretable graph neural networks?","volume-title":"Proc. 41st Int. Conf. Mach. Learn.","author":"Chen","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2021.3115452"},{"key":"ref39","first-page":"1","article-title":"GOAt: Explaining graph neural networks via graph output attribution","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Learn. Representations","author":"Lu","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3580305.3599435"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/34\/11424231\/11303163.pdf?arnumber=11303163","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T01:34:42Z","timestamp":1773106482000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11303163\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tpami.2025.3645279","relation":{},"ISSN":["0162-8828","2160-9292","1939-3539"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0162-8828","type":"print"},{"value":"2160-9292","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1939-3539","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}}}