{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T20:21:52Z","timestamp":1778617312819,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62276103"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62276103"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["92570116"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["92570116"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["71971069"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["71971069"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62476163"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62476163"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62566012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62566012"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Natural Science Research Project of Education Department of Guizhou Province","award":["QJJ2023061"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["QJJ2023061"]}]},{"name":"Research and Development Project on Key Technologies for Intelligent Sensing and Analysis of Urban Events Based on Low-Altitude Drones","award":["2024BQ010011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024BQ010011"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Projects of Guizhou Province","award":["QKHJCZK2022YB195"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["QKHJCZK2022YB195"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Projects of Guizhou Province","award":["QKHJCZK2023YB143"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["QKHJCZK2023YB143"]}]},{"name":"Young Researcher Startup Program of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Center for Applied Mathematics","award":["2025A1515060002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025A1515060002"]}]},{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["2025YFC3410000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025YFC3410000"]}]},{"name":"Innovation Team Project of General Colleges and Universities in Guangdong Province","award":["2023KCXTD002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023KCXTD002"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Philosophy and Social Science Foundation Regular Project","award":["GD25YGG26"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GD25YGG26"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021171","name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023B1515120020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023B1515120020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021171","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tpami.2026.3657249","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T20:58:34Z","timestamp":1769201914000},"page":"6071-6088","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Positive Data Augmentation Based on Manifold Heuristic Optimization for Image Classification"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6830-6733","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fangqing","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Management, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1617-4147","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Han","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Software Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1163-3298","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fujian","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guizhou Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent System, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7809-3436","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xueming","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information Science and Technology, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9731-1504","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhifeng","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Mathematics and Computer Science, Shantou University, Shantou, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2024.3445463"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2024.3356548"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW63382.2024.00193"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref4","article-title":"FQ-UWF: Unpaired generative image enhancement for fundus quality ultra-widefield retinal images","volume-title":"Bioengineering","volume":"11","author":"Lee","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TGRS.2022.3212474"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bts543"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2022.3167112"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV48922.2021.00081"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2023.3261782"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3422622"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2022.3183469"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WACV56688.2023.00283"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2017.2694221"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2022.3201691"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/72.554192"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2024.3383532"},{"key":"ref17","article-title":"Patchshuffle regularization","author":"Kang","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SSCI.2018.8628917"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1073204.1073233"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v34i07.7000"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3399637.3399650"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2019.00612"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP40776.2020.9053994"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VCIP49819.2020.9301763"},{"key":"ref25","first-page":"1","article-title":"Saliencymix: A saliency guided data augmentation strategy for better regularization","volume-title":"Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Learn. Representations","author":"Uddin","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR46437.2021.00111"},{"key":"ref27","first-page":"1","article-title":"mixup:Beyond empirical risk minimization","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Learn. Representations","author":"Zhang","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref28","first-page":"6438","article-title":"Manifold mixup: Better representations by interpolating hidden states","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Mach. Learn.","author":"Verma","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref29","first-page":"1","article-title":"Augmix: A simple data processing method to improve robustness and uncertainty","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Learn. Representations","author":"Hendrycks","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW50498.2020.00386"},{"key":"ref31","first-page":"1","article-title":"Co-mixup: Saliency guided joint mixup with supermodular diversity","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Learn. Representations","author":"Kim","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WACV48630.2021.00141"},{"key":"ref33","first-page":"1","article-title":"The effectiveness of data augmentation in image classification using deep learning","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Convolutional Neural Netw. Vis. Recognit."},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10845-018-1456-1"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/cvpr.2019.00020"},{"key":"ref36","first-page":"2731","article-title":"Population based augmentation: Efficient learning of augmentation policy schedules","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Mach. Learn.","author":"Ho","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/cvprw50498.2020.00359"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2023.3330795"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDM.2018.00146"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2023.3305816"},{"key":"ref41","first-page":"10","article-title":"Style augmentation: Data augmentation via style randomization.","volume-title":"Proc. IEEE\/CVF Conf. Comput. Vis. Pattern Recognit. Workshops","author":"Jackson","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2024.3435448"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2024.3430839"},{"key":"ref44","first-page":"6840","article-title":"Denoising diffusion probabilistic models","volume-title":"Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","author":"Ho","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/e23101303"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/69.536245"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2008.286"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0950-7051(01)00103-4"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2020.3047083"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2023.3307564"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2018.00068"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.measurement.2023.112808"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scico.2005.10.013"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TETC.2021.3070968"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcp.2019.06.071"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCI.2017.2670462"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1179352.1141920"},{"key":"ref58","article-title":"Improved regularization of convolutional neural networks with cutout","author":"DeVries","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/cvpr.2019.00020"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52729.2023.01558"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV48922.2021.00823"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV51070.2023.00526"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2022.3147798"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aab3050"},{"key":"ref65","article-title":"The caltech-ucsd birds-200-2011 dataset","author":"Wah","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref66","article-title":"Meta-learning with differentiable closed-form solvers","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Learn. Representations","author":"Bertinetto","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781410605337-29"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.90"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4842-6168-2_6"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4842-6168-2"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2016.2612829"},{"key":"ref72","article-title":"Gridmask data augmentation","author":"Chen","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2333709"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/34\/11512030\/11362988.pdf?arnumber=11362988","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T19:48:53Z","timestamp":1778615333000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11362988\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"references-count":73,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tpami.2026.3657249","relation":{},"ISSN":["0162-8828","2160-9292","1939-3539"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0162-8828","type":"print"},{"value":"2160-9292","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1939-3539","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}}}