{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T20:17:40Z","timestamp":1783369060564,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"name":"Macau University of Science and Technology Faculty Research","award":["FRG-26-030-FIE"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRG-26-030-FIE"]}]},{"name":"Canada CIFAR AI Chairs Program"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JPMJCS24K8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JPMJCS24K8"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI","award":["JP21H04877"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP21H04877"]}]},{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI","award":["JP23H03372"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP23H03372"]}]},{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI","award":["JP24K02920"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP24K02920"]}]},{"name":"Autoware Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Rel."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tr.2026.3705058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T20:10:04Z","timestamp":1781813404000},"page":"2247-2259","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Marvel: Effective AI-Enabled Cyber-Physical System Falsification Guided by Novelty Detection"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"75","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3981-8515","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xuan","family":"Xie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8621-2420","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lei","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/ACC.2017.7963784"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IROS40897.2019.8968236"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICRA40945.2020.9197443"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3639477.3639740"},{"key":"ref5","article-title":"Mortar: A model-based runtime action repair framework for AI-enabled cyber-physical systems","author":"Wang","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3510457.3513049"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-14295-6_17"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-19835-9_21"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-15297-9_9"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/0470018860.s00015"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2022.3194640"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/1-84628-148-2"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-84628-282-9_117"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCSYS.2021.3049917"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCAD.2018.2858463"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2023.3282981"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNNLS.2024.3496492"},{"key":"ref18","article-title":"Mosaic: Model-based safety analysis framework for AI-enabled cyber-physical systems","author":"Xie","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-81685-8_29"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-25540-4_23"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3126521"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3459605"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10817-018-09509-5"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIV.2019.2955903"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3715105"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ASE51524.2021.9678832"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1145\/3377811.3380353","article-title":"Misbehaviour prediction for autonomous driving systems","volume-title":"Proc. ACM\/IEEE 42nd Int. Conf. Softw. Eng.","author":"Stocco","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2023.3269804"},{"key":"ref29","article-title":"A baseline for detecting misclassified and out-of-distribution examples in neural networks","author":"Hendrycks","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref30","first-page":"1","article-title":"Enhancing the reliability of out-of-distribution image detection in neural networks","volume-title":"Proc. 6th Int. Conf. Learn. Representations","author":"Liang","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref31","first-page":"7167","article-title":"A simple unified framework for detecting out-of-distribution samples and adversarial attacks","volume-title":"Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","volume":"31","author":"Lee","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref32","article-title":"Deep anomaly detection with outlier exposure","author":"Hendrycks","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref33","first-page":"1","article-title":"Input complexity and out-of-distribution detection with likelihood-based generative models","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Learn. Representations","author":"Serr","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2024.3411928"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.emnlp-main.21"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAI.2025.3603547"},{"key":"ref37","first-page":"14680","article-title":"Likelihood ratios for out-of-distribution detection","volume-title":"Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","volume":"32","author":"Ren","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref38","first-page":"2433","article-title":"Outside the box: Abstraction-based monitoring of neural networks","volume-title":"Proc. 24th Eur. Conf. Artif. Intell.","author":"Henzinger","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/spe.2728"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2019.01.233"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3497862"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3132747.3132785"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3238147.3238202"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSE.2019.00108"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2024.3349381"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2023.121405"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPWRS.2022.3169139"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wics.101"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1137\/1.9781611974973.11"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref50","first-page":"1","article-title":"Variational autoencoder based anomaly detection using reconstruction probability","volume":"2","author":"An","year":"2015","journal-title":"Special Lecture IE"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WTS.2018.8363930"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3097983.3098052"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.29007\/9xgv"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-53288-8_1"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2562059.2562140"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Reliability"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/24\/11317936\/11570074.pdf?arnumber=11570074","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T19:44:55Z","timestamp":1783367095000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11570074\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":55,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tr.2026.3705058","relation":{},"ISSN":["0018-9529","1558-1721"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0018-9529","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-1721","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}}}