{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T12:19:59Z","timestamp":1766060399905,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62572421"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62572421"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Postgraduate Research & Practice Invocation Program of Jiangsu Provience","award":["KYCX25_3968"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KYCX25_3968"]}]},{"name":"Open Foundation of Yunnan Key Laboratory of Software Engineering","award":["2023SE201"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023SE201"]}]},{"name":"Open Project of Industry-Education Integration Innovation Center of Specialized Cybersecurity","award":["YZUCSC2025KF02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YZUCSC2025KF02"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Serv. Comput."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tsc.2025.3607682","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,17]],"date-time":"2025-09-17T17:31:27Z","timestamp":1758130287000},"page":"3932-3945","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["KG4VA: Constructing Vulnerability Knowledge Graph for Software Vulnerability Assessment"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Zhenlei","family":"Ye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5165-5080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaobing","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7267-4923","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lili","family":"Bo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China"}]},{"given":"Sicong","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5526-1617","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoxue","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9875-9856","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lianyong","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Technology, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2143-5666","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiale","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cose.2023.103366"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2022.111283"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISCC50000.2020.9219568"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MSR52588.2021.00016"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3611643.3616256"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3106237.3106253"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3524459.3527348"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2022.3147265"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tdsc.2023.3308897"},{"key":"ref10","first-page":"1","article-title":"MalGuard: Towards real-time, accurate, and actionable detection of malicious packages in PyPI ecosystem","volume-title":"Proc. 34th USENIX Secur. Symp.","author":"Gao"},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"606","article-title":"Snopy: Bridging sample denoising with causal graph learning for effective vulnerability detection","volume-title":"Proc. 39th IEEE\/ACM Int. Conf. Automated Softw. Eng.","author":"Cao"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"548","article-title":"BADFSS: Backdoor attacks on federated self-supervised learning","volume-title":"Proc. 33rd Int. Joint Conf. Artif. Intell.","author":"Zhang"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSME.2017.52"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.111790"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3498537"},{"year":"2025","key":"ref17","article-title":"Homepage of common vulnerabilities and exposures"},{"year":"2025","key":"ref18","article-title":"The example fixing detail of CVE-2016\u20139390"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MSR.2019.00063"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3671005"},{"year":"2025","key":"ref21","article-title":"Homepage of common vulnerability scoring system"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infsof.2023.107178"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ASE51524.2021.9678638"},{"year":"2025","key":"ref24","article-title":"The example fixing detail of CVE-2013\u20134282"},{"year":"2025","key":"ref25","article-title":"The example fixing detail of CVE-2016\u20139298"},{"year":"2025","key":"ref26","article-title":"The example fixing detail of CVE-2020\u201315908"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.acl-main.519"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v35i15.17597"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/N19-1242"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2021.103799"},{"year":"2025","key":"ref31","article-title":"Homepage of natural language toolkit"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2022.111450"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3611643.3616351"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14722\/ndss.2018.23158"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ASE51524.2021.9678622"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SP46215.2023.10179377"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3624744"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSE48619.2023.00044"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3524842.3528433"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSM.2011.6080795"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IWSC.2013.6613037"},{"year":"2025","key":"ref42","article-title":"The example fixing detail of CVE-2013\u20137458"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3379597.3387501"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.111617"},{"year":"2025","key":"ref45","article-title":"Homepage of ConceptNet"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2529310"},{"year":"2025","key":"ref47","article-title":"Homepage of FFmpeg"},{"year":"2025","key":"ref48","article-title":"Homepage of ImageMagick"},{"year":"2025","key":"ref49","article-title":"Homepage of Linux-kernel"},{"year":"2025","key":"ref50","article-title":"Homepage of OpenSSL"},{"year":"2025","key":"ref51","article-title":"Homepage of php-src"},{"key":"ref52","first-page":"1547","article-title":"A large-scale empirical study on vulnerability distribution within projects and the lessons learned","volume-title":"Proc. 42nd Int. Conf. Softw. Eng.","author":"Liu"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3005714"},{"year":"2025","key":"ref54","article-title":"Homepage of Joern"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3115\/v1\/D14-1162"},{"article-title":"GRAPHCODEBERT: Pre-training code representations with data flow","volume-title":"Proc. 9th Int. Conf. Learn. Representations","author":"Guo","key":"ref56"},{"article-title":"Adam: A method for stochastic optimization","volume-title":"Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. Learn. Representations","author":"Kingma","key":"ref57"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2019.07.052"},{"article-title":"Adaptive-saturated RNN: Remember more with less instability","volume-title":"Proc. 1st Tiny Papers Track ICLR","author":"Nguyen-Duy","key":"ref59"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2023.110955"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MSR52588.2021.00063"},{"year":"2025","key":"ref62","article-title":"Homepage of StyleCopAnalyzers"},{"year":"2025","key":"ref63","article-title":"Homepage of soot"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3611643.3616346"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3611643.3616317"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3611643.3616305"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2023.3285280"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Services Computing"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/4629386\/11298270\/11168463.pdf?arnumber=11168463","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T12:15:16Z","timestamp":1766060116000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11168463\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tsc.2025.3607682","relation":{},"ISSN":["1939-1374","2372-0204"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1939-1374"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2372-0204"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}}}