{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T14:16:46Z","timestamp":1778595406011,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61902181"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61902181"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62032004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62032004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004193","name":"Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004193","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IIEEE Trans. Software Eng."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tse.2022.3227559","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,8]],"date-time":"2022-12-08T18:37:46Z","timestamp":1670524666000},"page":"2597-2620","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["BEQAIN: An Effective and Efficient Identifier Normalization Approach With BERT and the Question Answering System"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"49","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8437-6640","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jingxuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Siyuan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5272-6706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lina","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3921-1724","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haoxiang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queen&#x0027;s University, Kingston, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6843-1892","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhiqiu","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8674-4948","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"He","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Software, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CSMR.2010.31"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"31","article-title":"Descriptive compound identifier names improve source code comprehension","volume-title":"Proc. IEEE 26th Conf. Prog. Comprehension","author":"Schankin"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPC.2015.9"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3408302"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSE.2012.6227192"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3212695"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3379443"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-22655-7_7"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SCAM.2006.31"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSE43902.2021.00059"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2010.89"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2014.2312942"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SCAM.2017.17"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2010.89"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSE.2017.9"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2635868.2635883"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WCRE.2010.10"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10664-013-9261-0"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2015.2427831"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSE.2019.00019"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2014.10.013"},{"key":"ref22","article-title":"An empirical comparison of techniques for extracting concept abbreviations from identifiers","volume-title":"Proc. IASTED Int. Conf. Softw. Eng. Appl.","author":"Feild"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2018.2868762"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3468264.3468616"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3104029"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2884781.2884841"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/APSEC53868.2021.00027"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2020.2995736"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSM.2011.6080778"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2384416.2384417"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2018.2868762"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18293\/SEKE2018-167"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10664-015-9369-5"},{"key":"ref34","first-page":"840","article-title":"Chinese segmentation with a word-based perceptron algorithm","volume-title":"Proc. Annu. Meeting Assoc. Comput. Linguistics","author":"Yue"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/P16-1162"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MSR.2019.00015"},{"key":"ref37","first-page":"6000","article-title":"Attention is all you need","volume-title":"Proc. 31st Int. Conf. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","author":"Vaswani"},{"key":"ref38","first-page":"282","article-title":"Conditional random fields: Probabilistic models for segmenting and labeling sequence data","volume-title":"Proc. 18th Int. Conf. Mach. Learn.","author":"Lafferty"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2017.2737535"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/amm.687-691.1536"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1985441.1985471"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2021.3098242"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2016.2527791"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSME.2019.00040"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WCRE.2012.20"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smr.539"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-04221-9_50"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSESS47205.2019.9040736"},{"key":"ref49","first-page":"4171","article-title":"BERT: Pre-training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding","author":"Devlin"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2019.2941943"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2020.110740"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2018.2877612"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3387940.3391463"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MSR.2009.5069482"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1370750.1370771"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSM.2012.6405277"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSMC.2000.886462"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/32\/10103953\/09976241.pdf?arnumber=9976241","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T05:13:40Z","timestamp":1706764420000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/9976241\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tse.2022.3227559","relation":{},"ISSN":["0098-5589","1939-3520","2326-3881"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0098-5589","type":"print"},{"value":"1939-3520","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2326-3881","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]]}}}