{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,17]],"date-time":"2026-05-17T07:10:32Z","timestamp":1779001832699,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":152,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711929600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711929600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711929600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IIEEE Trans. Software Eng."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tse.2024.3363611","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,12]],"date-time":"2024-02-12T19:05:08Z","timestamp":1707764708000},"page":"785-815","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["A Systematic Review of IoT Systems Testing: Objectives, Approaches, Tools, and Challenges"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9164-6645","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean Baptiste","family":"Minani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8707-6603","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fatima","family":"Sabir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Concordia University, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9252-9937","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naouel","family":"Moha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, École de Technologie Supérieure (ÉTS) \u2013 Université du Québec, Montreal, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4361-2563","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yann-Ga\u00ebl","family":"Gu\u00e9h\u00e9neuc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"450","article-title":"A reliable communication framework and its use in Internet of Things (IoT)","volume":"10","author":"Alam","year":"2018","journal-title":"CSEIT1835111\u2014Received"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3361149.3361165"},{"key":"ref3","first-page":"2248","article-title":"Design and simulation of a smart home managed by an intelligent self-adaptive system","volume":"6","author":"Alhafidh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Eng. Res. Appl."},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ett.2931"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.is.2019.06.005"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2021.3070692"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2017.05.125"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-74433-9_11"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AINS47559.2019.8968694"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IECON43393.2020.9254910"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00607-018-0650-5"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5220\/0010714400003058"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3278186.3278196"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2802489"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICICIS46948.2019.9014711"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2021.105906"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MS.2017.28"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/9324035"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3236454.3236511"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-15-1275-9_22"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ett.3803"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s18092796"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-13-9330-3_30"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5120\/ijca2018916607"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11227-021-03825-1"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.adcom.2021.01.002"},{"key":"ref27","first-page":"1","article-title":"Research on software testing and effectiveness of automation testing","volume":"13140","author":"Adekanmi","year":"2019","journal-title":"DOF10"},{"key":"ref28","volume-title":"The Complete Guide to Software Testing","author":"Hetzel","year":"1988"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4842-8276-2"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02642069600000019"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MS.2003.1159027"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ieeestd.2017.8016712"},{"key":"ref33","first-page":"1","article-title":"IEEE\/ISO\/IEC International Standard for software and systems engineering\u2014Software testing\u2014Part 3: Test documentation","year":"2021","journal-title":"ISO\/IEC\/IEEE 29119-3:2021(E)"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ieeestd.2013.6588537"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n160"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2022.3174092"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732312452938"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ESEM.2007.59"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infsof.2023.107326"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3625094"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17517575.2022.2130014"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/I-SMAC47947.2019.9032519"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2017.2786639"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0026256"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIMCIS56303.2022.10017834"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/FMEC.2018.8364039"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s23115197"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref48","first-page":"1","article-title":"Distributed systems and recent innovations: Challenges and benefits","volume":"16","author":"Nadiminti","year":"2006","journal-title":"InfoNet Mag."},{"key":"ref49","first-page":"1","article-title":"Introduction to distributed systems","volume-title":"Distributed Systems: Principles and Paradigms","author":"Tanenbaum","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WICSA.2015.21"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0301-4215(96)00017-1"},{"key":"ref52","article-title":"A taxonomy of testing","volume-title":"Carnegie Mellon Univ., Softw. Eng. Inst.\u2019s Insights (blog)","author":"Firesmith","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2023.3291233"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11277-021-09124-5"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CSASE51777.2022.9759705"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3539637.3558049"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3223370"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIC53490.2021.9693011"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-14135-5_30"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2021.3056179"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.32604\/iasc.2021.017260"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-58768-0_6"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3991\/ijim.v14i09.13431"},{"key":"ref64","article-title":"IoT Testing Challenges and Approaches","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3356317.3356326"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2893493"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSTW.2018.00035"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CSIT.2018.8486149"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIC53490.2021.9693011"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-28925-6_6"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2020.3044934"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.3039931"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2020.3036352"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2813887"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/UCC-Companion.2018.00064"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCTCT.2018.8550926"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-sen.2017.0344"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GIOTS.2018.8534582"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GCIoT.2018.8620157"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.2976718"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISSI47111.2019.9043692"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781003337447-12"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10664-021-10017-1"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TENCONSpring.2018.8691994"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MM.2021.3137401"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/spe.2629"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-52727-7_7"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-00247-3_29"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WF-IoT.2015.7389098"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SoutheastCon44009.2020.9249671"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-15-7345-3_74"},{"key":"ref92","article-title":"From semantic IoT-service descriptions to executable test cases-information flow of an implemented test framework","volume-title":"Proc. 6th Int. Conf. Adv. Syst. Testing Validation Lifecycle (VALID)","author":"K\u00fcmper","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-00410-1_8"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3312480.3313172"},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3368235.3368832"},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2019.12.032"},{"key":"ref97","first-page":"1","article-title":"How to test IoT-based services before deploying them into real world","volume-title":"Proc. Eur. Wireless 19th Eur. Wireless Conf.","author":"Reetz","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/APSEC.2018.00087"},{"key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11036-019-01369-6"},{"key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISNCC.2019.8909198"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MEMSTECH.2018.8365717"},{"key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSE43902.2021.00051"},{"key":"ref103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ETS.2016.7519331"},{"key":"ref104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IEEE.ICIOT.2017.14"},{"key":"ref105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CCGrid51090.2021.00081"},{"key":"ref106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IoTDI49375.2020.00021"},{"key":"ref107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2802489"},{"key":"ref108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TR.2021.3087781"},{"key":"ref109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2017.06.037"},{"key":"ref110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/QRS.2017.59"},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3236454.3236511"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref112","first-page":"151","article-title":"JOSE: An open testbed for field trials of large-scale IoT services","volume":"62","author":"Teranishi","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Nat. Inst. Inf. Commun. Technol."},{"key":"ref113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IoTDI49375.2020.00025"},{"key":"ref114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2021.3133066"},{"key":"ref115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WF-IoT48130.2020.9221081"},{"key":"ref116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11219-021-09565-y"},{"key":"ref117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-47169-3_55"},{"key":"ref118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICST.2017.32"},{"key":"ref119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICST49551.2021.00059"},{"key":"ref120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5220\/0006304503090314"},{"key":"ref121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13369-020-04601-8"},{"key":"ref122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-94191-8_40"},{"key":"ref123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IoT-SIU.2018.8519862"},{"key":"ref124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SERP4IoT52556.2021.00015"},{"key":"ref125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICNSC.2017.8000163"},{"key":"ref126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2022.3196049"},{"key":"ref127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IEA.2019.8715215"},{"key":"ref128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ROEDUNET.2017.8123740"},{"key":"ref129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SSD.2017.8166984"},{"key":"ref130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjp.2013.12.020"},{"key":"ref131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DCABES.2015.51"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref132","first-page":"16","article-title":"Software quality assurance in Internet of Things","volume":"109","author":"Mateen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Comput. Appl"},{"key":"ref133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-13-9190-3_40"},{"key":"ref134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CSIT.2018.8486149"},{"key":"ref135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/1068261"},{"key":"ref136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/QRS-C.2019.00085"},{"key":"ref137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-42517-3_4"},{"key":"ref138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-52727-7_2"},{"key":"ref139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3361149.3361165"},{"key":"ref140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICNTE51185.2021.9487572"},{"key":"ref141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.adcom.2019.07.008"},{"key":"ref142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00607-018-0650-5"},{"key":"ref143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2015.2462030"},{"key":"ref144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICICIS46948.2019.9014711"},{"key":"ref145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-13705-2_24"},{"key":"ref146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-03056-8_8"},{"key":"ref147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3137003.3137007"},{"key":"ref148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-74433-9_11"},{"key":"ref149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GIOTS.2017.8016248"},{"key":"ref150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3850\/978-981-14-8593-0_5634-cd"},{"key":"ref151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3287921.3287935"},{"key":"ref152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3204949.3204972"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/32\/10504688\/10433067.pdf?arnumber=10433067","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,18]],"date-time":"2024-04-18T17:28:52Z","timestamp":1713461332000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/10433067\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"references-count":152,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tse.2024.3363611","relation":{},"ISSN":["0098-5589","1939-3520","2326-3881"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0098-5589","type":"print"},{"value":"1939-3520","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2326-3881","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]}}}